Date of admission to the Union is listed for each of the 50 states in the United States.

American map labeled with state names and borders
The order in which each state ratified the Constitution in 1787, and later, the order in which it was admitted to the Union.

Among the fifty nations that make up the United States, a state is one of the entities that holds some degree of independence but not complete autonomy. In light of the division of powers between the federal government and the individual states, all U.S. citizens hold dual citizenship. In their full legal names, the states of Kentucky, Massachusetts, Pennsylvania, and Virginia use the term commonwealth rather than state.

As the most basic administrative divisions, states play a crucial role in the United States. They have all the authority that is not specifically given to or forbidden to the federal government by the United States Constitution. Local matters, such as intrastate commerce, elections, the formation of local governments, public school policy, and non-federal road construction and maintenance, are generally under the purview of state governments. There is a separate government in each state, with its own constitution based on republican ideals and its own executive, legislative, and judicial branches. [2]

The United States Congress is a bicameral legislature made up of senators and representatives from all 50 states. Each state has two senators and at least one representative, with the size of each state's delegation in the House of Representatives determined by the state's population as of the most recent decennial census required by the Constitution. In addition, the Electoral College, the body that chooses the President and Vice President of the United States, allows each state to send a number of voters to vote there that is equal to the sum of its congressional deputies and senators. [4]

The power to Union" target="_blank">admit new states into the Union is delegated to Congress by Article IV, Section 3, Clause 1 of the Constitution. As of today, there are 50 states, up from the original 13. When a new state joins, it joins on equal footing with the others. [5]

Below is a table with information about when each of the 50 states became independent. After signing on to the United States Declaration of Independence in July 1776, the first 13 states formally entered the Union of States in the years between 1777 and 1781 by ratifying the Articles of Confederation. (See below for a separate table detailing the ratification dates of the AoC.) Each of these states is listed in the order in which it ratified the Constitution in 1787 and thus became a part of the fledgling (and now established) United States of America. Each subsequent state's admission date is a legally binding statute. [a]

List of U S states [ edit ]

State Date
accepted; confirmed Constructed from 1   Delaware Dated: December 7th, 1787 [8]
(ratified) The State of Delaware as a Colony[b] 2   Pennsylvania On this day in 1787, December 12: [10]
(ratified) Pennsylvania, a Crown Colony 3   New Jersey On this day in 1787: [11]
(ratified) New Jersey, a former British colony. 4   Georgia On this day in 1788 [8]
(ratified) Royal Georgian Colony 5   Connecticut On this day in 1788, January 9 [12]
(ratified) Kingdom of Connecticut 6   Massachusetts Tuesday, February 6th, 1788 [8]
(ratified) The Massachusetts Bay Colony, a crown colony 7   Maryland April 28, 1788 [8]
(ratified) Maryland, a colonial possession 8   This is the state of South Carolina1. May 23, 1788 [8]
(ratified) South Carolina, a former British colony 9   This New Hampshire1 June 21, 1788 [8]
(ratified) New Hampshire, a Colony under the Crown 10   Virginia June 25, 1788 [8]
(ratified) Virginia, Dominated Colony of the Crown 11   New York July 26, 1788 [13]
(ratified) New York, the Queen's Colony 12   In the state of North Carolina1 Friday, November 21st, 1789 [14]
(ratified) Colony of the British Crown in North Carolina 13   The State of Rhode Island1 May 29, 1790 [8]
(ratified) New England's Original Colony, Providence Plantations, and the State of Rhode Island 14   Vermont March 4, 1791 [15]
(admitted) The Republic of Vermont[c]. 15   Kentucky June 1, 1792 [16]
(admitted) (Kentucky is represented by nine counties in Virginia) 16   Tennessee June 1, 1796 [18]
(admitted) The Southwestern Region 17   Ohio March 1, 1803 [19][e]
(admitted) Province of the Northwest 18   Louisiana April 30, 1812 [21]
(admitted) Area Known as Orleans 19   Indiana On this date in 1816:
(admitted) The State of Indiana 20   Mississippi Dated: 12-10-1817 [22]
(admitted) The Mississippi Valley 21   Illinois As of today, December 3rd, 1818 [23]
(admitted) Part of Illinois Territory 22   Alabama Thursday, December 14th, 1819 [24]
(admitted) Location: The State of Alabama 23   Maine March 15, 1820 [25]
(admitted) Maine(f] District) Massachusetts 24   Missouri On this day in 1821, August 10: [26]
(admitted) Separate Section of Missouri 25   Arkansas June 15, 1836 [27]
(admitted) Regional Term for Arkansas 26   Michigan Saturday, January 26th, 1837 [28]
(admitted) The State of Michigan 27   Florida March 3, 1845
(admitted) The State of Florida 28   Texas Friday, December 29th, 1845 [29]
(admitted) Texas Republic 29   Iowa The 28th of December, 1846
(admitted) Part of Iowa Territory 30   Wisconsin May 29, 1848 [30]
(admitted) A Section of Wisconsin 31   California Nine September, 1850 [31]
(admitted) Disorganized land / the Mexican Cession, part [g] 32   Minnesota May 11, 1858 [32]
(admitted) Separate Section of Minnesota 33   Oregon A Date: 14 FEBRUARY 1859
(admitted) A Section of Oregon Territory 34   Kansas On this day in 1861: [33]
(admitted) A Portion of Kansas 35   Western Virginia June 20, 1863 [34]
(admitted) Fifty counties in Virginia's Trans-Allegheny area. 36   Nevada Date: October 31, 1864
(admitted) The State of Nevada 37   Nebraska March 1, 1867
(admitted) The State of Nebraska 38   Colorado A Day in History: August 1st, 1876 [37]
(admitted) Region of Colorado 39   The State of North Dakota1 When: Tuesday, November 2, 1889 [38][i]
(admitted) A Portion of Dakota Territory 40   Dakota (State) Two thousand and eleven on November [38][i]
(admitted) A Portion of the Dakotas 41   Montana Sunday, November 8th, 1889 [41]
(admitted) Located in the state of Montana. 42   Washington Dated: November 11th, 1889 [42]
(admitted) Western Washington 43   Idaho July 3, 1890
(admitted) The State of Idaho 44   Wyoming July 10, 1890
(admitted) The State of Wyoming 45   Utah On this day in 1896: January 4 [43]
(admitted) The State of Utah 46   Oklahoma Wednesday, November 16th, 1907 [44]
(admitted) The Indian and Oklahoma Territories 47   New Mexico Saturday, January 6th, 1912
(admitted) The State of New Mexico 48   Arizona 14 February 1912
(admitted) Specifically, the Arizona State Region 49   Alaska On this date in 1959:
(admitted) Location of Alaska 50   Hawaii When: 21 August 1959
(admitted) Hawaii's Home Islands

Ratification of the Articles of Confederation [ edit ]

Articles of Confederation were approved for ratification by the individual states on November 15, 1777, after being approved by the Second Continental Congress. When the Articles of Confederation were finally ratified by all 13 states on March 1, 1781, the new government was officially established. The current federal government, established under the Constitution, succeeded the general government under the Articles on March 4, 1789. [45]

State Date 1 Seal of Virginia.svg Virginia On this day in 1777 2 Colony State of Seal of South Carolina.svg South Carolina 05 Février 1778 3 Seal of New York.svg New York Tuesday, February 6th, 1778 4 Here in Seal of Rhode Island.svg Rhode Island Friday, February 9, 1778 5 Seal of Connecticut.svg Connecticut On this day in 1778, February 12: 6 Seal of Georgia.svg Georgia February 26th, 1778 7 That State of Seal of New Hampshire.svg New Hampshire March 4, 1778 8 Seal of Pennsylvania.svg Pennsylvania March 5, 1778 9 Seal of Massachusetts.svg Massachusetts March 10, 1778 10 Cary, Seal of North Carolina.svg North Carolina April 5, 1778 11 Seal of New Jersey.svg New Jersey November 19th, 1778 12 Seal of Delaware.svg Delaware The First of February, 1779 13 Seal of Maryland (reverse).svg Maryland Tuesday, February 2, 1781

See also [ edit ]

  • The admission of California to the Union was a part of the Compromise of 1850, a collection of acts passed by Congress.
  • During the years of 1854–1861, when Kansas was still considered part of the territory of Kansas, a series of violent conflicts broke out between anti-slavery and pro-slavery groups, earning the region the nickname "Bleeding Kansas."
  • In 1889, Congress passed the Enabling Act, which allowed the people of the Dakota, Montana, and Washington territories to organize themselves politically as states and apply for admission to the Union.
  • The Oklahoma Enabling Act granted the people of the Indian Territory and the State of Oklahoma the right to organize a state government and seek admission to the Union as a single state. The New Mexico and Arizona Admission Acts did the same for the people of those territories. calling for a vote on whether or not the two areas should be combined into one state.
  • The Alaska Statehood Act, which officially made Alaska a state on January 3, 1959.

Notes [ edit ]

  1. ^ This does not take into account the 11 states that seceded from the Union and later rejoined it (Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Florida, Alabama, Mississippi, Tennessee, Arkansas, Louisiana, and Texas) during the American Civil War. or the "readmission to representation in Congress" of each state after the war, as the federal government does not recognize the states as having left the Union legally. Even though the Constitution is silent on the subject, the Supreme Court ruled in Texas v. White (1869) that a state cannot secede from the Union without the consent of the other states. [7]
  2. ^ The "Three Lower Counties Upon Delaware" are another name for this area. On June 15, 1776, the Delaware Assembly passed a resolution ending the colony's relationship with Great Britain and establishing "the Government of the Counties of New Castle" over the state's three counties. A View of Delaware from Kent and Sussex [9]
  3. ^ In the years between 1749 and 1764, New Hampshire's provincial governor Benning Wentworth issued roughly 135 grants for unoccupied land west of the Connecticut River (in what is now southern Vermont), territory also claimed by New York. The Green Mountain Boys emerged from the resulting "New Hampshire Grants" dispute, which eventually resulted in the founding of the Vermont Republic. In 1764, King George III issued an edict canceling New Hampshire's claim to the territory, and in 1790, New York sold its claim to Vermont for $30,000.
  4. ^ On December 18, 1789, the Virginia General Assembly passed a bill approving the secession of the "District of Kentucky" from the rest of Virginia and paving the way for the establishment of the Commonwealth of Kentucky. [17]
  5. ^ Ohio's official statehood date is shrouded in mystery. An act "authorizing the inhabitants of Ohio to form a Constitution and state government, and admission of Ohio into the Union" (Sess.) was passed by the 7th Congress on April 30, 1802 (O.H.R. 1). 1, ch 40, 2 Stat. 173) An act "providing for the execution of the laws of the United States in the State of Ohio" (Sess) was passed by the same Congress on February 19, 1803. 2, ch 7, 2 Stat. 201) However, neither statute established an official statehood date. The 83rd Congress passed a Joint resolution "for admitting the State of Ohio into the Union" (Pub. L. 83-204, 67 Stat. 407, enacted 1953) to officially establish Ohio's statehood date. Monday, August 7th, 1953 ) that fixed March 1, 1803 as the date [20]
  6. ^ On June 19, 1819, the Massachusetts General Court passed enabling legislation separating the "District of Maine" from the rest of the State (which was approved by voters in Maine on July 19, 1819, by a margin of 17,001 to 7,132); then, on February 25, 1820, the Massachusetts State Senate ratified the separation. added a measure recognizing Maine's impending statehood as a formality [17]
  7. ^ The majority of the territory that Mexico gave up to the United States in 1848 after the Bear Flag Revolt and the Mexican-American War had previously been part of the Mexican Department of Alta California. It was as a result of the Compromise of 1850 that California became the 31st state through an Act of Congress.
  8. ^ West Virginia was officially established by an act of the General Assembly of the Restored Government of Virginia on May 13, 1862. Later, in Virginia v. West Virginia (1871), the Supreme Court implicitly affirmed that the seceding Virginia counties did have the requisite consents to become a separate state. [36]
  9. ^ a b North and South Dakota are the only twin-born states in the United States, having been created within minutes of each other on the same day. President Benjamin Harrison shuffled the statehood papers so that no one would know which state became the first until after he signed them. Since "n" comes before "s" in the alphabet, North Dakota is traditionally considered the 39th state, with South Dakota following as the 40th. [39][40]

References [ edit ]

  1. ^ E. Erler Constitutional Law Research Papers: Amendment XIV (Citizenship) We at Heritage, The
  2. ^ What is the Minnesota Legislature? and Other Frequently Asked Questions The State Legislature of Minnesota
  3. ^ Kristin D Burnett Title: "Congressional Apportionment (2010 Census Briefs C2010BR-08)"1 (PDF) U S Economics and Statistics Administration, Department of Commerce
  4. ^ Einer R. Elhauge Analysis of Article II's Electoral College We at Heritage, The
  5. ^ Known as the "Doctrine of the Equality of States," this term describes a set of principles that hold Justia com
  6. ^ Merrill Jensen (1959) A Social and Constitutional History of the American Revolution, 1774-1781: The Articles of Confederation Press of the University of Wisconsin pp  xi, 184 ISBN 978-0-299-00204-6
  7. ^ 74 U.S. 700 (1868) "Texas v. White" Justia com
  8. A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H. - John R. Vile (2005) Volume 1: Letters A through M of The Constitutional Convention of 1787: An All-Inclusive Encyclopedia of the Founding of the United States of America ABC-CLIO p  658 ISBN 1-85109-669-8
  9. ^ The State Government of Delaware Delaware gov Delaware State Government's Online Resource Center
  10. ^ Pennsylvania's turbulent history from independence to secession is summarized in this overview spanning the years 1776 to 1861. PA gov State of Pennsylvania, Department of Historical and Museum Services
  11. ^ Recordings from the Annual Convention of 1787 NJ gov Department of State of New Jersey
  12. ^ Date: January 9th, 2011 loc gov U.S. Congress Library
  13. ^ July 26: "Today in History" loc gov National Library of Congress
  14. ^ The 21st of November in History loc gov The Congress Library
  15. ^ This new nation is referred to as "State 14." Discovery of Vermont's Past State of Vermont Department of History Archive of the original version from May 30, 2013
  16. ^ Constitution Square is a state historic site. americanheritage com AHPC: American Heritage Publishing Co. Retrieved April 23, 2019
  17. ^ a b State and Territory Naming and Constitutional Development in the United States. TheGreenPapers com
  18. ^ A Chronological Account of State Events TN gov Department of State of Tennessee Date of original upload: April 10, 2016
  19. ^ Author: Blue, Frederick J. During the fall of 2002. When Ohio became a state Quarterly Journal of the Ohio Academy of History A copy of this article that was archived on September 11, 2010
  20. ^ Ohio's Statehood: Setting the Record Straight
  21. ^ Quick and dirty data about the state of Louisiana. louisiana gov Date of original publication: March 24, 2013 Retrieved June 15, 2016
  22. ^ The Mississippi Bicentennial Celebration Board extends its warmest greetings to you. The Mississippi Bicentennial Celebration Commission Retrieved 16 February 2017
  23. ^ As seen on "Today in History, December 3" loc gov American Memory: Congress Library
  24. ^ Timeline of Alabama's Past, 1800-1850 alabama gov Retrieved June 15, 2016
  25. ^ Dated "March 15 in History" loc gov National Library of Congress
  26. ^ The tenth of August: A Day in History loc gov Institution of Congress's Library
  27. ^ The 15th of June: An Historical Marker loc gov US Congress Library
  28. ^ Timeline of January 26th Historical Events loc gov Government Publishing Office
  29. ^ The addition of Texas to the Union is announced. History On This Day Media conglomerate A&E March 4, 2010 Retrieved April 23, 2019
  30. ^ The 29th of May: A Day in History loc gov Federal Research Library
  31. ^ September 9, 1850: "Admission Day in California" CA gov DP&R of the State of California
  32. ^ It's May 11th, so here's what happened yesterday in history. loc gov The Congress Library
  33. ^ The 29th of January in History loc gov The Congress Library
  34. ^ The 20th of June: A Day in History loc gov Museum of American History Library of Congress
  35. ^ To create West Virginia was a matter of convenience, as stated in Chapter 12 of "A State of Convenience: The Creation of West Virginia"; the newly reorganized government of Virginia gave its approval to the split. Wvculture org Culture and History Section of West Virginia
  36. ^ Case cited: "Virginia v. West Virginia, 78 U.S. 39 (1870)" Justia com
  37. ^ In a historical context, August 1st would be described as "Today in History." loc gov United States Congress Library
  38. ^ a b "On This Day in History: November 2" loc gov United States Congress Library
  39. ^ MacPherson, James, and Kevin Burbach. Even after 125 years, rivalry between the Dakotas persists. Newspaper published in Bismarck AP Retrieved June 29, 2020
  40. ^ Published in 2008 by Mark Stein. How the States Got Their Forms, Smithsonian Books/Harper Collins, pp. 256
  41. ^ Author: Wishart, David J (ed ) "Montana" Wikipedia entry on the Great Plains Lincoln, Nebraska's University Retrieved Earlier this month, on February 15th, 2017
  42. ^ The 11th of November in History loc gov Government Publishing Office
  43. ^ Author: Thatcher, Linda - 2016 Timeline of the Struggle for Statehood historytogo utah gov Utah, U.S.A.
  44. ^ This Day in History... November 16 loc gov The Congress Library
  45. ^ As Paul Rodgers (2011) An Overview of U.S. Constitutional Law McFarland p  109 ISBN 978-0-7864-6017-5

Internet resources [ edit ]

  • Watch videos from each state in the United States. History com
  • "Independence Day" 50states com
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