In order of their admission to the United States, the following list of states has been compiled.

U.S. state map with capitals and borders labeled
It follows the sequence established by the ratification of the Constitution by the original 13 states in 1787 and the subsequent admission of new states to the Union.

In the United States, each of the fifty individual states is a sovereign nation in its own right, with the federal government also having authority over its citizens. Given the division of powers between the federal government and the individual states, Americans hold dual citizenship. Some states' official names include the word "commonwealth" rather than "state," such as in Kentucky, Massachusetts, Pennsylvania, and Virginia.

The 50 states make up the main divisions of the USA. They have all the authority that is not specifically given to or forbidden to the federal government by the United States Constitution. In most cases, local matters that affect a state's citizens fall under the purview of that state's government. This includes, but is not limited to, intrastate commerce, elections, the formation of local governments, public school policy, and the construction and maintenance of roads that are not funded by the federal government. Each of the fifty states has a government that consists of an executive, legislative, and judicial branch, all of which are established by a constitution based on republican principles. [2]

The United States Congress is a bicameral legislature made up of the Senate and the House of Representatives. There are two senators and at least one representative from each state, with the size of each state's delegation in the House of Representatives determined by that state's population as of the last decennial census required by the Constitution. In addition, the number of electors a state can choose to represent it in the Electoral College, the body responsible for electing the President and Vice President of the United States, is equal to the sum of the number of its congressional deputies and senators. [4]

The power to Union" target="_blank">admit new states into the Union is delegated to Congress by Article IV, Section 3, Clause 1 of the Constitution. There are now fifty states, up from the original thirteen that existed when the United States was founded in 1776. All newly admitted states have been given full voting rights. [5]

The table below details the dates of statehood for all fifty US states. After signing on to the United States Declaration of Independence in July 1776, the first 13 states formally entered the Union of States between 1777 and 1781 by ratifying the Articles of Confederation. (See below for a separate table detailing the ratification dates of the AoC.) These states are listed in chronological order according to when they ratified the Constitution in 1787 and thus became part of the newly formed (and still existing) United States of America. Each subsequent state's admission date is a statutory deadline established by Congress. [a]

List of U S states [ edit ]

State Date
(accepted or approved) Produced by 1   Delaware The 7th of December, 1787 [8]
(ratified) State of Delaware as a Colony[b] 2   Pennsylvania The 12th of December, 1787 [10]
(ratified) The Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, a Proprietary Province 3   New Jersey Instance created: 18 December 1787 [11]
(ratified) New Jersey, the Formerly-Imperial Crown Colony 4   Georgia As of today, January 2nd, 1788 [8]
(ratified) Georgia, a British Crown Colony 5   Connecticut 9 January 1788 [12]
(ratified) Colonial New England 6   Massachusetts 6 February 1788 [8]
(ratified) New England's Original Colony and the Site of Boston 7   Maryland April 28, 1788 [8]
(ratified) Colonized Maryland Province 8   Colony State of South Carolina1 May 23, 1788 [8]
(ratified) Colony of the Crown of South Carolina 9   Specifically, the State of New Hampshire1 June 21, 1788 [8]
(ratified) New Hampshire, a Colony of the Crown 10   Virginia June 25, 1788 [8]
(ratified) Virginia, Dominated Crown Colony and Currently Reigning Monarchy 11   New York July 26, 1788 [13]
(ratified) New York, a Royal Colony 12   A Place Called North Carolina1 On this day in 1789 [14]
(ratified) Originally, North Carolina was a British colony. 13   Location: Rhode Island1 May 29, 1790 [8]
(ratified) Rhode Island and Providence Plantations, Royal Colony 14   Vermont March 4, 1791 [15]
(admitted) The Republic of Vermont 15   Kentucky June 1, 1792 [16]
(admitted) (Kentucky is represented by nine counties in Virginia) 16   Tennessee June 1, 1796 [18]
(admitted) The Southwestern Region 17   Ohio March 1, 1803 [19][e]
(admitted) Canada's Northwest Territories 18   Louisiana April 30, 1812 [21]
(admitted) Orleans Territory 19   Indiana On this date in 1816:
(admitted) The State of Indiana 20   Mississippi Dated: 12-10-1817 [22]
(admitted) To the West of the Mississippi River 21   Illinois On this day in 1818 — December 3 — [23]
(admitted) Part of Illinois Territory 22   Alabama Instance created: 14 December 1819 [24]
(admitted) State of Alabama 23   Maine March 15, 1820 [25]
(admitted) State of Massachusetts (Maine(f) District). 24   Missouri Tenth of August, 1821 [26]
(admitted) A Portion of Missouri Territory 25   Arkansas June 15, 1836 [27]
(admitted) Specifically, the Arkansas Valley 26   Michigan The 26th of January, 1837 [28]
(admitted) Michigan State 27   Florida March 3, 1845
(admitted) The State of Florida 28   Texas Wednesday, December 29, 1845 [29]
(admitted) State of Texas as a Republic 29   Iowa On this day in 1846:
(admitted) A Portion of Iowa Territory 30   Wisconsin May 29, 1848 [30]
(admitted) A Section of Wisconsin 31   California Nine September, 1850 [31]
(admitted) Partially-Organized Lands / Cession to Mexico 32   Minnesota May 11, 1858 [32]
(admitted) A Section of Minnesota 33   Oregon 14 February 1859
(admitted) A Section of Oregon Territory 34   Kansas On this day in 1861, January 29 [33]
(admitted) A Portion of Kansas 35   Mountain State of West Virginia1 June 20, 1863 [34]
(admitted) Fifty counties in Virginia's Trans-Allegheny area. 36   Nevada A Date Certain: October 31, 1864
(admitted) The State of Nevada 37   Nebraska March 1, 1867
(admitted) Its Name for the State of Nebraska 38   Colorado Initial use: August1st, 1876 [37]
(admitted) The Colorado Region 39   That Place Called North Dakota1 This day in 1889, November [38][i]
(admitted) Part of Dakota Territory 40   That Part of the Country Known as South Dakota1 On this day in 1889, November 2 [38][i]
(admitted) An Area of Dakota 41   Montana Saturday, November 8th, 1889 [41]
(admitted) The State of Montana 42   Washington Tuesday, November 11th, 1889 [42]
(admitted) State of Washington 43   Idaho July 3, 1890
(admitted) The State of Idaho 44   Wyoming July 10, 1890
(admitted) This is Wyoming Country. 45   Utah Day of the Year 1896: 4th January [43]
(admitted) UT - Utah Valley 46   Oklahoma Saturday, November 16th, 1907 [44]
(admitted) The Indian and Oklahoma Territories 47   New Mexico Sixteen hundred and twelve: January 6th, 1912
(admitted) It's the State of New Mexico! 48   Arizona Wednesday, February 14th, 1912
(admitted) The State of Arizona 49   Alaska Dated: January 3rd, 1959
(admitted) Alaskan territory 50   Hawaii Friday, August 21st, 1959
(admitted) Hawaii's Home Islands

Events surrounding the ratification of the Articles of Confederation [ edit ]

On November 15, 1777, the Articles of Confederation were approved by the Second Continental Congress and sent to the individual states for ratification. After being ratified by all 13 states, the Articles of Confederation took effect on March 1, 1781. The Articles of Confederation were abolished on March 4, 1789, and the present federal government under the Constitution was established. [45]

State Date 1 Seal of Virginia.svg Virginia On this day in 1777 2 State of Seal of South Carolina.svg South Carolina Friday, February 5th, 1778 3 Seal of New York.svg New York On this day in 1778, February 6 4 The Ocean State: Seal of Rhode Island.svg Rhode Island Wednesday, February 9th, 1778 5 Seal of Connecticut.svg Connecticut 12 February 1778 6 Seal of Georgia.svg Georgia On this day in 1778, February 26th, 7 This Seal of New Hampshire.svg New Hampshire March 4, 1778 8 Seal of Pennsylvania.svg Pennsylvania March 5, 1778 9 Seal of Massachusetts.svg Massachusetts March 10, 1778 10 The State of Seal of North Carolina.svg North Carolina April 5, 1778 11 Seal of New Jersey.svg New Jersey November 19th, 1778 12 Seal of Delaware.svg Delaware On this day in 1779, February 1: 13 Seal of Maryland (reverse).svg Maryland Monday, February 2, 1781

See also [ edit ]

  • One of the acts included in the "Compromise of 1850" legislation package was one that allowed California to join the Union.
  • Battles between anti-slavery and pro-slavery groups in Kansas Territory broke out in the years leading up to Kansas's statehood in 1854–1861.
  • The Enabling Act of 1889 gave the people of the Dakota, Montana, and Washington territories the right to organize their own governments and seek admission to the Union as individual states (the Dakotas were to be split in half).
  • The Oklahoma Enabling Act gave the people of Oklahoma and the Indian Territory the right to organize a state government and seek admission to the Union as a single state. The New Mexico and Arizona Admission Acts did the same for their respective territories. calling for a vote on whether or not the two areas should be combined into one state.
  • On January 3, 1959, Alaska officially joined the Union as a result of the Alaska Statehood Act.

Notes [ edit ]

  1. ^ Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Florida, Alabama, Mississippi, Tennessee, Arkansas, Louisiana, and Texas seceded from the Union and formed the Confederate States of America during the American Civil War, but they were later readmitted to the Union. or the "readmission to representation in Congress" of each state after the war, as the federal government does not recognize the states' separation from the Union. The Constitution is ambiguous on the subject of whether or not states have the authority to secede from the Union, but in Texas v. White (1869), the Supreme Court ruled that a state does not have the authority to secede from the Union on its own. [7]
  2. ^ The "Three Lower Counties upon Delaware" are another name for these jurisdictions. On June 15, 1776, the Delaware Assembly passed a resolution officially ending Delaware's colonial status with Great Britain and establishing the three counties as a new state governed by "the Government of the Counties of New Castle." Upon the Delaware River, Kent and Sussex [9]
  3. ^ Benning Wentworth, New Hampshire's provincial governor from 1749 to 1764, issued about 135 grants for unoccupied land claimed by New Hampshire west of the Connecticut River (in what is today southern Vermont), territory also claimed by New York. As a result of the "New Hampshire Grants" conflict, the Green Mountain Boys emerged, and eventually Vermont became its own independent nation. In 1764, King George III issued an edict canceling New Hampshire's claim to the territory, and in 1790, New York sold its claim to Vermont for $30,000.
  4. ^ Virginia's "District of Kentucky" was officially recognized as a separate state by the Virginia General Assembly on December 18, 1789. [17]
  5. ^ Exactly when Ohio became a state is a matter of some debate. The 7th Congress passed an act "authorizing the inhabitants of Ohio to form a Constitution and state government, and admission of Ohio into the Union" on April 30, 1802 (Sess). 1, ch 40, 2 Stat. 173) The same Congress passed an act "providing for the execution of the laws of the United States in the State of Ohio" (Sess.) on February 19, 1803. 2, ch 7, 2 Stat. 201) However, neither law established an official date of statehood. In 1953, the 83rd Congress passed a Joint resolution "for admitting the State of Ohio into the Union," (Pub. L. 83-204, 67 Stat. 407, enacted on June 29, 1953) making that year the official date of Ohio's statehood. 7 August 1953 which established March 1st, 1803 as the official start date [20]
  6. ^ On July 19, 1819, Mainers voted 17,001 to 7,132 in favor of leaving the rest of Massachusetts to form the "District of Maine," which was established by enabling legislation passed by the Massachusetts General Court on June 19, 1819. an additional measure was passed recognizing Maine's impending statehood. [17]
  7. ^ The Mexican Department of Alta California encompassed the vast majority of the territory that was ceded to the United States by Mexico in 1848 after the Bear Flag Revolt and the Mexican-American War. Conceived as part of the Compromise of 1850, the Act of Congress admitting California as the 31st state was a result of the compromise.
  8. ^ An act authorizing the formation of West Virginia was passed by the General Assembly of the Restored Government of Virginia on May 13, 1862. In the later case of Virginia v. West Virginia (1871), the Supreme Court implicitly affirmed that the secessionist counties of Virginia had the requisite consents for statehood. [36]
  9. ^ a b North and South Dakota are the only twin-born states in the United States, having been created within minutes of each other on the same day. To ensure that no one would ever know which state became the first, President Benjamin Harrison shuffled all of the statehood documents before signing them. Since "n" comes before "s" in the alphabet, North Dakota is traditionally counted as the 39th state, while South Dakota is counted as the 40th. [39][40]

References [ edit ]

  1. ^ E. Erler Research Papers on "The Fourteenth Amendment and Citizenship" To wit: The Heritage Foundation
  2. ^ "The Minnesota Legislature: Frequently Asked Questions" The State Legislature of Minnesota
  3. ^ Kristin D Burnett Congressional Representation (Census 2010: A Briefing Book) (PDF) U S Economics and Statistics Administration, Department of Commerce
  4. ^ Dr. Einer R. Elhauge Article II Electors: A Constitutional Analysis" Heritage: A Nonprofit Dedicated to Preserving America's Past
  5. ^ "The Doctrine of State Equalities" Justia com
  6. ^ Merrill, Jensen, 1959 Articles of Confederation: A Social and Constitutional History of the American Revolution, 1774-1781 The Press of the University of Wisconsin pp  xi, 184 ISBN 978-0-299-00204-6
  7. ^ There was a case called "Texas v. White" that was decided in 1868. Justia com
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target="_blank">f="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#cite_reg/wiki/#cite_ref-JRVlist_9-5" target="_blank">f-JRVlist_9-4" target="_blank">eg/wiki/#cite_ref-JRVlist_9-5" target="_blank">f-JRVlist_9-2" targg/wiki/#cite_ref-JRVlist_9-5" target="_blank">f="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#cite_reg/wiki/#cite_ref-JRVlist_9-5" target="_blank">f-JRVlist_9-4" target="_blank">et="_blank">c, g/wiki/#cite_ref-JRVlist_9-5" target="_blank">f="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#cite_reg/wiki/#cite_ref-JRVlist_9-5" target="_blank">f-JRVlist_9-4" target="_blank">eg/wiki/#cite_ref-JRVlist_9-5" target="_blank">f="https://g/wiki/#cite_ref-JRVlist_9-5" target="_blank">f="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#cite_reg/wiki/#cite_ref-JRVlist_9-5" target="_blank">f-JRVlist_9-4" target="_blank">en.wikipg/wiki/#cite_ref-JRVlist_9-5" target="_blank">f="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#cite_reg/wiki/#cite_ref-JRVlist_9-5" target="_blank">f-JRVlist_9-4" target="_blank">edia.org/wiki/#citg/wiki/#cite_ref-JRVlist_9-5" target="_blank">f="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#cite_reg/wiki/#cite_ref-JRVlist_9-5" target="_blank">f-JRVlist_9-4" target="_blank">e_rg/wiki/#cite_ref-JRVlist_9-5" target="_blank">f="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#cite_reg/wiki/#cite_ref-JRVlist_9-5" target="_blank">f-JRVlist_9-4" target="_blank">eg/wiki/#cite_ref-JRVlist_9-5" target="_blank">f-JRVlist_9-3" targg/wiki/#cite_ref-JRVlist_9-5" target="_blank">f="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#cite_reg/wiki/#cite_ref-JRVlist_9-5" target="_blank">f-JRVlist_9-4" target="_blank">et="_blank">d, g/wiki/#cite_ref-JRVlist_9-5" target="_blank">f="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#cite_reg/wiki/#cite_ref-JRVlist_9-5" target="_blank">f-JRVlist_9-4" target="_blank">e, g/wiki/#cite_ref-JRVlist_9-5" target="_blank">f, g, h John R. 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  9. ^ It's the "Delaware Government"1 Delaware gov The State of Delaware's Official Government Resource Center
  10. ^ Summary of Pennsylvania's Past, 1776–1861, From Independence to the Civil War PA gov The Historical and Museum Commission of Pennsylvania
  11. ^ "Minutes of the Convention of 1787" NJ gov Bureau of State Administration of the State of New Jersey
  12. ^ Today in History (January 9) loc gov American Memory: Congress Library
  13. ^ Timeline of Historical Events for July 26 loc gov American Memory: Congress Library
  14. ^ As seen on "Today in History, November 21" loc gov The United States Congress Library
  15. ^ It's the "14th State" Discoverer of Vermont's Past Museum of Vermont History Date of original publication: May 30, 2013
  16. ^ "State Historical Park of Constitution Square" americanheritage com Publishers of the American Heritage Series Retrieved April 23, 2019
  17. ^ a b "A Brief History of the Changing Titles and Official Names of the States and Territories of the United States" TheGreenPapers com
  18. ^ Timeline of State History TN gov Department of State of Tennessee Date of original upload: April 10, 2016
  19. ^ Author: Blue, Frederick J (Fall of 2002) Date Ohio Became a State The Bulletin of the Ohio Academy of History Archive.org date: September 11, 2010
  20. ^ Putting to Rest the Myths Regarding Ohio's Statehood
  21. ^ "Fast Facts about the State of Louisiana" louisiana gov A copy of this article that was archived on March 24, 2013 Retrieved June 15, 2016
  22. ^ From the Mississippi Bicentennial Celebration Commission, "Welcome!" Bicentennial Celebration Commission of Mississippi Retrieved Sunday, February 16th, 2019 2017
  23. ^ Historically Speaking, It's December 3rd loc gov Institution of Congress's Library
  24. ^ Timeline of Alabama's Past, 1800-1850 alabama gov Retrieved June 15, 2016
  25. ^ As seen on "Today in History, March 15" loc gov Museum of American History Library of Congress
  26. ^ Dated as "Today in History: August 10"1 loc gov Capitol Building / Library of Congress
  27. ^ For example: "Today in History, June 15." loc gov The Congress Library
  28. ^ "On This Day in History: January 26" loc gov The Congress Library
  29. ^ The phrase "Texas Joins the Union" A Look Back At History Cable Channels Operated By A&E Television Networks March 4, 2010 Retrieved April 23, 2019
  30. ^ The 29th of May: A Day in History loc gov Museum of American History Library of Congress
  31. ^ The date September 9, 1850, is commemorated as "Admission Day in California." CA gov The California State Parks and Recreation Agency
  32. ^ As seen on "Today in History, May 11" loc gov Federal Research Library
  33. ^ It's January 29th, so here's what happened yesterday in history. loc gov The Congress Library
  34. ^ The 20th of June: A Day in History loc gov Congress' Library
  35. ^ "A State for Convenience," Chapter 12: The Birth of West Virginia, Reorganized Virginia Government Approves the Split. Wvculture org The Cultural Resources Section of the West Virginia Department of Education
  36. ^ The case was titled "Virginia v. West Virginia" and was heard in the 78th United States Supreme Court. Justia com
  37. ^ The 1st of August: A Day in History loc gov The Congress Library
  38. ^ a b The 2nd of November—Today in History loc gov The United States Congress Library
  39. ^ It was written by James MacPherson and Kevin Burbach on November 2, 2014. After 125 years of statehood, rivalry still exists in the Dakotas. Bismarck Tribune AP Retrieved June 29, 2020
  40. ^ Mark Stein (2008) Smithsonian Books/Harper Collins, "How the States Got Their Shapes," p 256
  41. ^ Author: Wishart, David J. (ed ) "Montana" Great Plains encyclopedia Lincoln, Nebraska's University Retrieved Sunday, February 15th, 2019 2017
  42. ^ Historically Speaking, It Was November 11th Back Then loc gov Federal Research Library
  43. ^ Linda Thatcher (2016) History of the Fight for Statehood historytogo utah gov Utah, U.S.A.
  44. ^ November 16th: A Day in History loc gov The Congress Library
  45. ^ Paul Rodgers (2011) An Overview of U.S. Constitutional Law McFarland p  109 ISBN 978-0-7864-6017-5

To other sites [ edit ]

  • Videos Relating to Individual U.S. States History com
  • The "Birth of a Nation" 50states com
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