Listed here are the U.S. states in order of their admission to the Union.

A United States map labeled with state names and borders
When the Constitution was ratified by the original 13 states in 1787, and when the remaining states were admitted to the Union in subsequent years.

A state is one of the fifty individual entities that together make up the United States of America and share sovereignty with the federal government. Since the federal government and the individual states share power, Americans hold dual citizenship. [1]The full official names of the states of Kentucky, Massachusetts, Pennsylvania, and Virginia all include the word "commonwealth" rather than "state."

In the United States, the individual states are the most basic political entities. In other words, they have all the authority that isn't specifically given to or forbidden to the federal government in the United States Constitution. Local matters, such as intrastate commerce, elections, the formation of local governments, public school policy, and the construction and maintenance of roads not funded by the federal government, are typically left to the discretion of the respective state governments. Republican principles form the basis for each state's constitution and government, which is made up of an executive, legislative, and judicial branch. [2]

The United States Congress is a bicameral legislature made up of the Senate and the House of Representatives. Depending on its population, as determined by the most recent decennial census required by the Constitution, each state is allotted a certain number of representatives in the House of Representatives, with a minimum of one representative and a maximum determined by the Constitution. In addition, the Electoral College, the body that chooses the President and Vice President of the United States, allows each state to send a number of voters to vote there that is equal to the sum of its congressional deputies and senators. [4]

Congress has the power to Union" target="_blank">admit new states into the Union per Article IV, Section 3, Clause 1 of the Constitution. As of today, there are 50 states, up from the original 13. All newly admitted states have been given full voting rights. [5]

Below is a table detailing the official statehood dates for each of the fifty United States' jurisdictions. After signing on to the United States Declaration of Independence in July 1776, the first 13 states formally entered the Union of States between 1777 and 1781 by ratifying the Articles of Confederation. Dates of AoC ratification are listed in a separate table below.) [6] These states are listed in the order in which they joined the new (and current) federal government upon ratification of the Constitution in 1787. Each succeeding state's admission date is a statutory deadline established by Congress. [a]

List of U S states [ edit ]

State Date
accepted; confirmed Produced by 1   Delaware The Seventh of December, 1787 [8]
(ratified) Province of Delaware[b] 2   Pennsylvania Dated: 12 December 1787 [10]
(ratified) Pennsylvania, a Colonial Colony 3   New Jersey On this day in 1787: [11]
(ratified) Kingdom of New Jersey 4   Georgia Initially published: January 2, 1788 [8]
(ratified) Georgia, a British Crown Colony 5   Connecticut It all started on January 9th, 1788. [12]
(ratified) State of Connecticut, Royal Colony 6   Massachusetts Dated: February 6th, 1788 [8]
(ratified) Massachusetts Bay Colony, a Crown Colony 7   Maryland April 28, 1788 [8]
(ratified) Maryland, a Crown Colony 8   Colony State of South Carolina1 May 23, 1788 [8]
(ratified) Royal Province of South Carolina 9   For the state of New Hampshire1, see: June 21, 1788 [8]
(ratified) New Hampshire, a Colony under the Crown 10   Virginia June 25, 1788 [8]
(ratified) Virginia, Dominated Colony of the Crown 11   New York July 26, 1788 [13]
(ratified) New York, a Colony of the British Crown 12   To the State of North Carolina1 Exactly two hundred and ninety years ago, on November 21st, [14]
(ratified) North Carolina, a former Crown Colony 13   This is the state of Rhode Island1. May 29, 1790 [8]
(ratified) Rhode Island and Providence Plantations, Royal Colony 14   Vermont March 4, 1791 [15]
(admitted) Independent State of Vermont 15   Kentucky June 1, 1792 [16]
(admitted) Nine counties in Virginia's District in Kentucky(d) 16   Tennessee June 1, 1796 [18]
(admitted) In the South-Western Part of the Country 17   Ohio March 1, 1803 [19][e]
(admitted) North West Territories, Segment 18   Louisiana April 30, 1812 [21]
(admitted) Places Located in the Province of Orleans 19   Indiana Time Period: December 11th, 1816
(admitted) The State of Indiana 20   Mississippi Tuesday, December 10, 1817 [22]
(admitted) Geographical Region of Mississippi 21   Illinois December 3rd, 1818 [23]
(admitted) Part of Illinois Territory 22   Alabama Dated: 12/14/1819 [24]
(admitted) State of Alabama 23   Maine March 15, 1820 [25]
(admitted) Commonwealth of Massachusetts (Maine(f) District). 24   Missouri Tenth of August, 1821 [26]
(admitted) An Area of Missouri 25   Arkansas June 15, 1836 [27]
(admitted) The Arkansas Valley 26   Michigan January 26th, 1837 [28]
(admitted) This is Michigan Country. 27   Florida March 3, 1845
(admitted) Those Parts of the United States That Are Currently Called 28   Texas This day in 1845, on December 29th, [29]
(admitted) Texas Republic 29   Iowa It's the 28th of December, 1846
(admitted) The Iowan portion of the Territory 30   Wisconsin May 29, 1848 [30]
(admitted) A Section of Wisconsin 31   California Dated: September 9th, 1850 [31]
(admitted) Chaos-stricken regions / the Mexican Cession, Part (g) 32   Minnesota May 11, 1858 [32]
(admitted) Separate Section of Minnesota 33   Oregon 14 February 1859
(admitted) Regional portion of Oregon 34   Kansas Wednesday, January 29th, 1861 [33]
(admitted) A Portion of Kansas 35   Western Virginia June 20, 1863 [34]
(admitted) State of Virginia (all fifty counties in the Trans-Allegheny area [h]). 36   Nevada It is now October 31, 1864
(admitted) States of Nevada 37   Nebraska March 1, 1867
(admitted) Region of Nebraska 38   Colorado The First of August, 1876 [37]
(admitted) Aspects of the Colorado Territory1 39   The State of North Dakota1 On this day in 1889, November 2 [38][i]
(admitted) Section of Dakota Territory 40   To the South Dakota1 The date was November 2nd, 1889. [38][i]
(admitted) A Portion of Dakota Territory 41   Montana November 8th, 1889 [41]
(admitted) A Place Called Montana 42   Washington On this date in 1889 [42]
(admitted) State of Washington 43   Idaho July 3, 1890
(admitted) The State of Idaho 44   Wyoming July 10, 1890
(admitted) The State of Wyoming 45   Utah Tuesday, January 4th, 1896 [43]
(admitted) Locale of Utah 46   Oklahoma The Date Was November 16, 1907 [44]
(admitted) Geographical Regions of Oklahoma and Indian Country 47   New Mexico This day in 1912, on January 6
(admitted) Land of New Mexico 48   Arizona Thursday, February 14, 1912
(admitted) The State of Arizona 49   Alaska On this date in 1959:
(admitted) Located in Alaska 50   Hawaii Friday, August 21st, 1959
(admitted) Hawaii, a Territorial State

Ratification of the Articles of Confederation [ edit ]

On November 15, 1777, the Second Continental Congress voted to send the Articles of Confederation to the individual states for ratification. After being ratified by all 13 states, the Articles of Confederation became effective on March 1, 1781. The Articles of Confederation were abolished and the present Constitution ratified on March 4, 1789, ushering in the modern federal government. [45]

State Date 1 Seal of Virginia.svg Virginia Saturday, December 16th, 1777 2 Carolina del Sur 05 Février 1778 3 Seal of New York.svg New York The sixth of February, 1778 4 The Ocean State: Seal of Rhode Island.svg Rhode Island On this day in 1778 — February 9 — 5 Seal of Connecticut.svg Connecticut 12 February 1778 6 Seal of Georgia.svg Georgia Saturday, February 26th, 1778 7 Primarily Used in: Seal of New Hampshire.svg New Hampshire March 4, 1778 8 Seal of Pennsylvania.svg Pennsylvania March 5, 1778 9 Seal of Massachusetts.svg Massachusetts March 10, 1778 10 A Place Called Seal of North Carolina.svg North Carolina April 5, 1778 11 Seal of New Jersey.svg New Jersey On this date in 1778, November 19 12 Seal of Delaware.svg Delaware One Day in 1779: February 13 Seal of Maryland (reverse).svg Maryland It all started on February 2nd, 1781

See also [ edit ]

  • The admission of California to the Union was a part of the Compromise of 1850, a set of legislative acts passed by Congress.
  • During the years 1854–1861, when Kansas was still considered part of the territory rather than a state, a series of violent conflicts broke out in the territory between anti-slavery and pro-slavery groups.
  • The Enabling Act of 1889 gave the people of the Dakota, Montana, and Washington territories the legal right to organize state governments (the Dakotas were to be split into two separate states) and apply for admission to the Union.
  • The New Mexico and Arizona Admission Acts and the Oklahoma Enabling Act respectively granted permission for the people of New Mexico and the Indian Territory to organize a state government and to seek admission to the Union as a new state. calling for a vote to decide whether or not the two jurisdictions should be merged into one state.
  • It was on January 3, 1959, that Alaska was officially admitted to the Union as a state thanks to the Alaska Statehood Act.

Notes [ edit ]

  1. ^ This does not take into account the 11 states that broke away from the Union to form the Confederate States of America (Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Florida, Alabama, Mississippi, Tennessee, Arkansas, Louisiana, and Texas) during the Civil War or their subsequent readmission after the war ended. after the war, the federal government does not recognize the states' separation from the Union, and so each state is "readmitted to representation in Congress." Even though the Constitution is silent on the subject, the Supreme Court ruled in Texas v. White (1869) that a state cannot secede from the Union without the consent of the other states. [7]
  2. ^ These three counties are sometimes referred to as "Delaware's Lower Counties." On June 15, 1776, the Delaware Assembly passed a resolution ending the colony's relationship with Great Britain and establishing "the Government of the Counties of New Castle" over the new state. Upon the Delaware River, Kent and Sussex [9]
  3. ^ It was New Hampshire's provincial governor, Benning Wentworth, who, between 1749 and 1764, issued about 135 grants for unoccupied land claimed by New Hampshire west of the Connecticut River (in what is today southern Vermont), territory also claimed by New York. Because of this disagreement over "New Hampshire Grants," the Green Mountain Boys gained popularity and eventually founded the Vermont Republic. By royal order of George III in 1764, New Hampshire's claim was terminated, and for $30,000, the state of New York ceded its claim to the territory of Vermont in 1790.
  4. ^ On December 18, 1789, the Virginia General Assembly passed a bill approving the secession of the "District of Kentucky" from the rest of Virginia and paving the way for the establishment of the Commonwealth of Kentucky. [17]
  5. ^ Uncertainty surrounds Ohio's official statehood date. A law "authorizing the inhabitants of Ohio to form a Constitution and state government, and admission of Ohio into the Union" (Sess.) was passed by the 7th Congress on April 30, 1802 (O.H.R. 1). 1, ch 40, 2 Stat. 173) Another act "providing for the execution of the laws of the United States in the State of Ohio" (Sess. 2, ch 7, 2 Stat. 201) But neither law established an official birthday for the state. The 83rd Congress passed a Joint resolution "for admitting the State of Ohio into the Union" (Pub. L. 83-204, 67 Stat. 407, enacted 1953) to officially establish Ohio's statehood date. Wednesday, August 7th, 1953 ) that fixed March 1, 1803 as the date [20]
  6. ^ On June 19, 1819, the Massachusetts General Court passed enabling legislation separating the "District of Maine" from the rest of the State (an action approved by Maine voters on July 19, 1819, by 17,001 to 7,132); then, on February 25, 1820, Massachusetts Governor John Adams signed the bill into law. another bill was passed recognizing Maine's impending statehood. [17]
  7. ^ The Mexican Department of Alta California encompassed the majority of the territory that Mexico ceded to the United States in 1848 after the Bear Flag Revolt and the Mexican-American War. As part of the Compromise of 1850, Congress passed an act making California the 31st state.
  8. ^ West Virginia was officially recognized as a separate state by an act of the General Assembly of the Restored Government of Virginia on May 13, 1862. The Supreme Court's decision in Virginia v. West Virginia (1871) later implied that the secessionist counties in Virginia had the requisite consents for statehood. [36]
  9. ^ a b North and South Dakota are the only states in the union to have been born at the same time. When President Benjamin Harrison was ready to sign the statehood documents, he shuffled them so that no one would know in advance which territory was about to become a state. Since "n" comes before "s" in the alphabet, North Dakota is traditionally considered the 39th state, while South Dakota is the 40th. [39][40]

References [ edit ]

  1. ^ Edward Erler Articles Discussing Citizenship Amendment XIV. Initiated by the Heritage Foundation
  2. ^ Frequently Asked Questions Regarding the Minnesota State Legislature Parliament of Minnesota
  3. ^ Kristin D Burnett Briefs from the 2010 Census on the Reapportionment of Representatives (PDF) U S Economics and Statistics Administration, Department of Commerce
  4. ^ Einer R. Elhauge Article II Electors and the Presidency: Essays An Introduction to the Heritage Foundation
  5. ^ "The Doctrine of State Equalities" Justia com
  6. ^ Author: Jensen, Merrill (1959) An Analysis of the Social and Constitutional History of the American Revolution under the Articles of Confederation, 1774–1781 Madison, WI: University of Wisconsin Press pp  xi, 184 ISBN 978-0-299-00204-6
  7. ^ The case was referred to as Texas v. White, which was decided in 1868 (74 U.S. Justia com
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target="_blank">f="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#cite_reg/wiki/#cite_ref-JRVlist_9-5" target="_blank">f-JRVlist_9-4" target="_blank">edia.org/wiki/#citg/wiki/#cite_ref-JRVlist_9-5" target="_blank">f="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#cite_reg/wiki/#cite_ref-JRVlist_9-5" target="_blank">f-JRVlist_9-4" target="_blank">e_rg/wiki/#cite_ref-JRVlist_9-5" target="_blank">f="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#cite_reg/wiki/#cite_ref-JRVlist_9-5" target="_blank">f-JRVlist_9-4" target="_blank">eg/wiki/#cite_ref-JRVlist_9-5" target="_blank">f-JRVlist_9-3" targg/wiki/#cite_ref-JRVlist_9-5" target="_blank">f="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#cite_reg/wiki/#cite_ref-JRVlist_9-5" target="_blank">f-JRVlist_9-4" target="_blank">et="_blank">dia.org/wiki/#citg/wiki/#cite_ref-JRVlist_9-5" target="_blank">f="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#cite_reg/wiki/#cite_ref-JRVlist_9-5" target="_blank">f-JRVlist_9-4" target="_blank">e_rg/wiki/#cite_ref-JRVlist_9-5" target="_blank">f="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#cite_reg/wiki/#cite_ref-JRVlist_9-5" target="_blank">f-JRVlist_9-4" target="_blank">eg/wiki/#cite_ref-JRVlist_9-5" target="_blank">f-JRVlist_9-2" targg/wiki/#cite_ref-JRVlist_9-5" target="_blank">f="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#cite_reg/wiki/#cite_ref-JRVlist_9-5" target="_blank">f-JRVlist_9-4" target="_blank">et="_blank">c, g/wiki/#cite_ref-JRVlist_9-5" target="_blank">f="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#cite_reg/wiki/#cite_ref-JRVlist_9-5" target="_blank">f-JRVlist_9-4" target="_blank">eg/wiki/#cite_ref-JRVlist_9-5" target="_blank">f="https://g/wiki/#cite_ref-JRVlist_9-5" target="_blank">f="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#cite_reg/wiki/#cite_ref-JRVlist_9-5" target="_blank">f-JRVlist_9-4" target="_blank">en.wikipg/wiki/#cite_ref-JRVlist_9-5" target="_blank">f="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#cite_reg/wiki/#cite_ref-JRVlist_9-5" target="_blank">f-JRVlist_9-4" target="_blank">edia.org/wiki/#citg/wiki/#cite_ref-JRVlist_9-5" target="_blank">f="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#cite_reg/wiki/#cite_ref-JRVlist_9-5" target="_blank">f-JRVlist_9-4" target="_blank">e_rg/wiki/#cite_ref-JRVlist_9-5" target="_blank">f="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#cite_reg/wiki/#cite_ref-JRVlist_9-5" target="_blank">f-JRVlist_9-4" target="_blank">eg/wiki/#cite_ref-JRVlist_9-5" target="_blank">f-JRVlist_9-3" targg/wiki/#cite_ref-JRVlist_9-5" target="_blank">f="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#cite_reg/wiki/#cite_ref-JRVlist_9-5" target="_blank">f-JRVlist_9-4" target="_blank">et="_blank">d, g/wiki/#cite_ref-JRVlist_9-5" target="_blank">f="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#cite_reg/wiki/#cite_ref-JRVlist_9-5" target="_blank">f-JRVlist_9-4" target="_blank">e, g/wiki/#cite_ref-JRVlist_9-5" target="_blank">f, g, h John R. Vile (2005) Volume 1: Letters A through M of The Constitutional Convention of 1787: An All-Inclusive Encyclopedia of America's Founding ABC-CLIO p  658 ISBN 1-85109-669-8
  9. ^ This is the "Delaware Government"1 Delaware gov Public Records Office, State of Delaware
  10. ^ A Brief History of Pennsylvania, Vol. 1: From Independence to the Civil War, 1776-1861 PA gov Official State Agency of Pennsylvania Museums and Historical Sites
  11. ^ Convention Records from the Year 1787 NJ gov "New Jersey Department of State1"
  12. ^ The 9th of January in History loc gov The Congress Library
  13. ^ The 26th of July: A Day in History loc gov Institution of Congress's Library
  14. ^ Today in History (November 21) loc gov Congressional Library
  15. ^ It's the "14th State" A Journey Through Vermont's Past Cultural Institution of Vermont To be found at the original May 30th, 2013 archive page
  16. ^ Named a state historic site in 1959, "Constitution Square" americanheritage com The American Heritage Publishing Group Retrieved April 23, 2019
  17. ^ a b An Account of the Changes Made to the Formal Titles of the Several States and Territories of the United States TheGreenPapers com
  18. ^ "A Chronological Account of State Development" TN gov Bureau of State Records, State of Tennessee This version was archived from the original on April 10, 2016.
  19. ^ Frederick J. Blue (Fall of 2002) Date Ohio Became a State The Bulletin of the Ohio Academy of History Date of original publication: September 11, 2010
  20. ^ Putting to Rest the Myths Concerning Ohio's Statehood
  21. ^ "Quick Facts about Louisiana" louisiana gov Date of original publication: March 24, 2013 Retrieved June 15, 2016
  22. ^ The Mississippi Bicentennial Celebration Board extends its warmest greetings to you. The Bicentennial Celebration Commission of Mississippi Retrieved 16 February 2017
  23. ^ The date December 3 was marked as "Today in History." loc gov The Congress Library
  24. ^ Dates Significant to Alabama's Past, 1800–1860 alabama gov Retrieved June 15, 2016
  25. ^ It's March 15th, so here's what happened yesterday in history. loc gov Congressional Library
  26. ^ August 10th: "Today in History" loc gov US Congress Library
  27. ^ "On This Day in History...June 15" loc gov The Congress Library
  28. ^ The 26th of January in History loc gov The United States Congress Library
  29. ^ The addition of Texas to the United States. On This Day In... TV Stations Owned by A&E Networks March 4, 2010 Retrieved April 23, 2019
  30. ^ Dated as "Today in History: May 29"1 loc gov American Memory: Congress Library
  31. ^ California's "Admission Day" is September 9, 1850. CA gov This is the California State Parks and Recreation Agency.
  32. ^ The 11th of May: A Day in History loc gov Archives of the Congress
  33. ^ For January 29th, see "Today in History." loc gov The Congress Library
  34. ^ It's June 20th, so here's what happened yesterday in history. loc gov Capitol Building / Library of Congress
  35. ^ To create West Virginia was a matter of convenience, as stated in Chapter 12 of "A State of Convenience: The Creation of West Virginia"; the newly reorganized government of Virginia gave its approval to the Wvculture org Division of Culture and History, West Virginia
  36. ^ To cite this case: "Virginia v. West Virginia, 78 U.S. 39 (1870)" Justia com
  37. ^ "On This Day in History... August 1" loc gov United States Congress Library
  38. ^ a b The second of November—today in history loc gov Congress Library
  39. ^ Researchers James MacPherson and Kevin Burbach published their findings on November 2nd, 2014. Although the Dakotas have been states for 125 years, rivalry continues to this day. Known as the Bismarck Tribune. AP Retrieved June 29, 2020
  40. ^ Mark Stein (2008) From Smithsonian Books/Harper Collins's "How the States Got Their Shapes," p. 256
  41. ^ D. J. Wishart (ed ) "Montana" A compendium covering the entire Great Plains region College Name: University of Nebraska at Lincoln Retrieved Wednesday, February 15th, 2019 2017
  42. ^ This Day in History...November 11 loc gov The Congress Library
  43. ^ Linda Thatcher (2016) Attempts to Establish a Timeline of the Struggle for Statehood historytogo utah gov Location: Utah, United States of America
  44. ^ The 16th of November: A Day in History loc gov Congressional Library
  45. ^ Paul Rodgers, 2011 Legal Theory and the Constitution of the United States of America McFarland p  109 ISBN 978-0-7864-6017-5

Internet resources [ edit ]

  • "Videos of the 50 States" History com
  • Indicators of Statehood Dates 50states com
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