Ordered list of when each state joined the United States

States are labeled and their borders are drawn on this map of the United States.
After the initial 13 states ratified the Constitution in 1787, additional states were admitted to the Union in the order of their ratification.

A state is one of the fifty individual entities that together make up the United States of America and share sovereignty with the federal government. Due to the division of powers between the federal government and the individual states, Americans hold dual citizenship. The full official names of the states of Kentucky, Massachusetts, Pennsylvania, and Virginia all include the word "commonwealth" rather than "state."

For the most part, the United States can be broken down into its individual states. They have all the authority that is not specifically given to or prohibited to the federal government by the United States Constitution. Local matters, such as intrastate commerce, elections, the formation of local governments, public school policy, and non-federal road construction and maintenance, fall under the purview of state governments. Republican principles form the basis for each individual state's constitution and government, which consists of an executive, legislative, and judicial branch. [2]

The United States Congress is a bicameral legislature made up of the Senate and the House of Representatives, both of which are elected by the citizens of their respective states. At least one senator and one representative are elected from each state, with the number of representatives each state has in the House of Representatives determined by that state's population as of the last decennial census required by the Constitution. In addition, the number of electors a state can choose to represent it in the Electoral College, the body responsible for electing the President and Vice President of the United States, is equal to the sum of the number of its congressional deputies and senators. [4]

The power to Union" target="_blank">admit new states into the Union is delegated to Congress by Article IV, Section 3, Clause 1 of the Constitution. There are now fifty states, up from the original thirteen that existed when the United States was founded in 1776. The admission standards for each new state are the same as those for the preexisting states. [5]

Table 1 shows the dates of statehood for all 50 states. By signing on to the Declaration of Independence in July 1776, the first 13 states were officially established, and from 1777 to 1781, they all became part of the original Union of States by ratifying the Articles of Confederation. (The dates of each AoC ratification are listed in a separate table below.) These states are listed in the order in which they ratified the Constitution in 1787 and thus became part of the newly formed (and still existing) federal government. Every subsequent admission date is a statutory deadline established by Congress. [a]

List of U S states [ edit ]

State Date
(accepted or approved) Originating from 1   Delaware When: 7 December 1787 [8]
(ratified) Settlement in Delaware [b] 2   Pennsylvania Sunday, December 12th, 1787 [10]
(ratified) Colonial Pennsylvania 3   New Jersey Yesterday, December 18th, 1787 [11]
(ratified) New Jersey, a former British colony. 4   Georgia On this day in 1788 [8]
(ratified) Georgia, a Crown Colony 5   Connecticut Earlier today, on January 9th, 1788, [12]
(ratified) State of Connecticut, Royal Colony 6   Massachusetts 6 February 1788 [8]
(ratified) Massachusetts Bay Colony, a Crown Colony 7   Maryland April 28, 1788 [8]
(ratified) Free State of Maryland 8   Southeastern United States, Specifically, the State of South Carolina1 May 23, 1788 [8]
(ratified) South Carolina, a Crown Colony 9   It's in the Granite State, New Hampshire1 June 21, 1788 [8]
(ratified) New Hampshire, Royal Colony 10   Virginia June 25, 1788 [8]
(ratified) Virginia, Dominion of the Crown and Imperial Colony 11   New York July 26, 1788 [13]
(ratified) The New York Crown Colony 12   Carolina del Norte The 21st of November, 1789 [14]
(ratified) North Carolina, a former British colony 13   In the state of Rhode Island1 May 29, 1790 [8]
(ratified) Rhode Island and Providence Plantations, Royal Colony 14   Vermont March 4, 1791 [15]
(admitted) The Republic of Vermont[c] 15   Kentucky June 1, 1792 [16]
(admitted) To be exact, Virginia has nine counties in its District of Kentucky(d). 16   Tennessee June 1, 1796 [18]
(admitted) State located in the South-Western part of the United States 17   Ohio March 1, 1803 [19][e]
(admitted) Canada's Northwest Territories 18   Louisiana April 30, 1812 [21]
(admitted) A Place Called Orleans 19   Indiana Instance created: December 11, 1816
(admitted) The State of Indiana 20   Mississippi Dated: 12-10-1817 [22]
(admitted) In the Mississippi Territory1 21   Illinois On this day, December 3rd, 1818 [23]
(admitted) Part of Illinois Territory 22   Alabama This day in 1819, on December 14 [24]
(admitted) Alabama State 23   Maine March 15, 1820 [25]
(admitted) To be specific, the District of Maine[f] in Massachusetts. 24   Missouri Wednesday, August 10, 1821 [26]
(admitted) Region of Missouri 25   Arkansas June 15, 1836 [27]
(admitted) A Part of the United States Known as Arkansas 26   Michigan Initially published: January 26, 1837 [28]
(admitted) Territory of Michigan 27   Florida March 3, 1845
(admitted) The State of Florida 28   Texas On this day in 1845, December 29th, [29]
(admitted) Texas Republic 29   Iowa Last Updated: 28 December, 1846
(admitted) Region of Iowa 30   Wisconsin May 29, 1848 [30]
(admitted) Wisconsin Territory (part) 31   California Nine September, 1850 [31]
(admitted) Partially-Organized Lands / Cession to Mexico 32   Minnesota May 11, 1858 [32]
(admitted) Separate Section of Minnesota 33   Oregon Monday, February 14, 1859
(admitted) A Section of Oregon Territory 34   Kansas It all began on this date in 1861: January 29. [33]
(admitted) A Portion of Kansas 35   "West Virginia1" June 20, 1863 [34]
(admitted) Fifty counties in the state of Virginia that are part of the Trans-Allegheny metropolitan area. 36   Nevada October 31st, 1864
(admitted) The State of Nevada 37   Nebraska March 1, 1867
(admitted) Its Name for the State of Nebraska 38   Colorado The First of August, 1876 [37]
(admitted) Location of Colorado's Territory 39   That Place Called North Dakota1 It all started on November 2nd, 1889. [38][i]
(admitted) Regional portion of Dakotas 40   States of America: South Dakota1 On this day in 1889, November 2 [38][i]
(admitted) A Portion of Dakota Territory 41   Montana It all started on November 8th, 1889. [41]
(admitted) Location: Montana, USA 42   Washington 11 November 1889 [42]
(admitted) Geographical Indication of Washington State 43   Idaho July 3, 1890
(admitted) Location: Idaho, in the Territory 44   Wyoming July 10, 1890
(admitted) State of Wyoming 45   Utah Wednesday, January 4th, 1896 [43]
(admitted) The State of Utah 46   Oklahoma November 16th, 1907 [44]
(admitted) State of Oklahoma and Native American Lands 47   New Mexico 6 January 1912
(admitted) The State of New Mexico 48   Arizona Sunday, February 14th, 1912
(admitted) Territory of Arizona 49   Alaska Dated: January 3rd, 1959
(admitted) The Alaskan territory 50   Hawaii On this date in 1959:
(admitted) Hawaii's Home Islands

Ratification of the Articles of Confederation [ edit ]

On November 15, 1777, the Second Continental Congress passed the Articles of Confederation to the individual states for ratification. After being ratified by all 13 states, the Articles of Confederation took effect on March 1, 1781. The Articles of Confederation were abolished on March 4, 1789, and the current federal government under the Constitution was established. [45]

State Date 1 Seal of Virginia.svg Virginia On this day in 1777 2 Colony State of Seal of South Carolina.svg South Carolina Dated: February 5th, 1778 3 Seal of New York.svg New York Saturday, February 6th, 1778 4 Here in Seal of Rhode Island.svg Rhode Island 9 February 1778 5 Seal of Connecticut.svg Connecticut Dated: February 12th, 1778 6 Seal of Georgia.svg Georgia Sunday, February 26th, 1778 7 State of Seal of New Hampshire.svg New Hampshire March 4, 1778 8 Seal of Pennsylvania.svg Pennsylvania March 5, 1778 9 Seal of Massachusetts.svg Massachusetts March 10, 1778 10 Specifically, the state of Seal of North Carolina.svg North Carolina. April 5, 1778 11 Seal of New Jersey.svg New Jersey On this date in 1778, November 19 12 Seal of Delaware.svg Delaware First day of February, 1779 13 Seal of Maryland (reverse).svg Maryland It all started on February 2nd, 1781

See also [ edit ]

  • One of the acts included in the "Compromise of 1850" legislation package was one that allowed California to join the Union.
  • During the years 1854–1861, when Kansas was still considered part of the territory rather than a state, a series of violent conflicts broke out in the territory between anti-slavery and pro-slavery groups.
  • In 1889, Congress passed the Enabling Act, which allowed the people of the Dakota, Montana, and Washington territories to organize themselves politically as states and apply for admission to the Union.
  • The Oklahoma Enabling Act granted the people of Oklahoma and the Indian Territory the right to organize a state government and seek admission to the Union as a single state. It also granted the people of New Mexico and Arizona the right to do the same. calling for a vote on whether or not the two areas should be united as one state.
  • The Alaska Statehood Act officially made Alaska a state on January 3, 1959.

Notes [ edit ]

  1. ^ Eleven states (Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Florida, Alabama, Mississippi, Tennessee, Arkansas, Louisiana, and Texas) seceded from the Union and fought in the Civil War to form the Confederate States of America, but they are not included on this list because they were later readmitted to the Union. Similarly, the federal government does not recognize the states' separation from the Union, so each state's "readmission to representation in Congress" after the war is valid. The Constitution itself is silent on the subject of whether or not states have the power to secede from the Union, but in Texas v. White (1869), the Supreme Court ruled that a state cannot secede from the Union without the consent of the other states. [7]
  2. ^ "The Three Lower Counties of Delaware" is another name for this area. On June 15, 1776, the Delaware Assembly passed a resolution officially ending the colony's relationship with Great Britain and establishing the three counties as a new state called "the Government of the Counties of New Castle." The Counties of Kent and Sussex on the State of Delaware [9]
  3. ^ West of the Connecticut River (in present-day southern Vermont), New Hampshire claimed territory that was also staked by New York. Between 1749 and 1764, New Hampshire's provincial governor, Benning Wentworth, issued roughly 135 grants for this unoccupied land. The Green Mountain Boys emerged as a result of this conflict over the "New Hampshire Grants," and the Vermont Republic was subsequently founded. In 1764, King George III issued an edict canceling New Hampshire's claim to the territory, and in 1790, New York sold its claim to Vermont for $30,000.
  4. ^ Separating the "District of Kentucky" from the rest of Virginia and approving its statehood was an act of the Virginia General Assembly passed on December 18, 1789. [17]
  5. ^ An exact date for Ohio's statehood has been lost to history. An act "authorizing the inhabitants of Ohio to form a Constitution and state government, and admission of Ohio into the Union" (Sess) was passed on April 30, 1802 by the 7th Congress. 1, ch 40, 2 Stat. 173) Another act "providing for the execution of the laws of the United States in the State of Ohio" (Sess. 2, ch 7, 2 Stat. 201) However, neither statute established an official date of statehood. The 83rd Congress passed a Joint resolution "for admitting the State of Ohio into the Union" (Pub. L. 83-204, 67 Stat. 407, enacted 1953) to officially establish Ohio's statehood date. 7 August 1953 ) which fixed the date as March 1, 1803 [20]
  6. ^ On June 19, 1819, the Massachusetts General Court passed enabling legislation separating the "District of Maine" from the rest of the State (an action approved by voters in Maine on July 19, 1819, by 17,001 to 7,132); then, on February 25, 1820, the Massachusetts Legislature officially recognized the "District of Maine." added a measure recognizing Maine's impending statehood as a formality [17]
  7. ^ After the Bear Flag Revolt and Mexican-American War in 1848, Mexico ceded most of what had been the Mexican Department of Alta California to the United States. As a part of the Compromise of 1850, Congress passed an act making California the 31st state.
  8. ^ A law authorizing the formation of West Virginia was passed by the General Assembly of the Restored Government of Virginia on May 13, 1862. Later, in Virginia v. West Virginia (1871), the Supreme Court impliedly confirmed that the secessionist counties of Virginia had the legal authorization to form a new state. [36]
  9. ^ a b The states of North Dakota and South Dakota are unique in that they were both admitted to the Union on the same day, with their respective births occurring within minutes of one another. To ensure that no one would ever know which state became the first, President Benjamin Harrison shuffled the papers before he signed them. Since "n" comes before "s" in the alphabet, North Dakota is traditionally counted as the 39th state, while South Dakota is counted as the 40th. [39][40]

References [ edit ]

  1. ^ Edward Erler Articles Discussing Citizenship Amendment XIV. To wit: The Heritage Foundation
  2. ^ Frequently Asked Questions Regarding the Minnesota State Legislature State Legislature of Minnesota
  3. ^ Kristin D Burnett Briefs from the 2010 Census on the Reapportionment of Representatives (PDF) U S The Economics and Statistics Administration of the Department of Commerce
  4. ^ Author: Elhauge, Einer R Article II Electors and Presidential Elections: Essays We at Heritage, The
  5. ^ "Principle of State Equalization" Justia com
  6. ^ Merrill Jensen (1959) Understanding the Social and Constitutional Background of the American Revolution, 1774-1781: The Articles of Confederation Printing Office, University of Wisconsin pp  xi, 184 ISBN 978-0-299-00204-6
  7. ^ The case was referred to as Texas v. White, which was decided in 1868 (74 U.S. Justia com
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target="_blank">f="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#cite_reg/wiki/#cite_ref-JRVlist_9-5" target="_blank">f-JRVlist_9-4" target="_blank">eg/wiki/#cite_ref-JRVlist_9-5" target="_blank">f-JRVlist_9-2" targg/wiki/#cite_ref-JRVlist_9-5" target="_blank">f="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#cite_reg/wiki/#cite_ref-JRVlist_9-5" target="_blank">f-JRVlist_9-4" target="_blank">et="_blank">c, g/wiki/#cite_ref-JRVlist_9-5" target="_blank">f="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#cite_reg/wiki/#cite_ref-JRVlist_9-5" target="_blank">f-JRVlist_9-4" target="_blank">eg/wiki/#cite_ref-JRVlist_9-5" target="_blank">f="https://g/wiki/#cite_ref-JRVlist_9-5" target="_blank">f="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#cite_reg/wiki/#cite_ref-JRVlist_9-5" target="_blank">f-JRVlist_9-4" target="_blank">en.wikipg/wiki/#cite_ref-JRVlist_9-5" target="_blank">f="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#cite_reg/wiki/#cite_ref-JRVlist_9-5" target="_blank">f-JRVlist_9-4" target="_blank">edia.org/wiki/#citg/wiki/#cite_ref-JRVlist_9-5" target="_blank">f="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#cite_reg/wiki/#cite_ref-JRVlist_9-5" target="_blank">f-JRVlist_9-4" target="_blank">e_rg/wiki/#cite_ref-JRVlist_9-5" target="_blank">f="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#cite_reg/wiki/#cite_ref-JRVlist_9-5" target="_blank">f-JRVlist_9-4" target="_blank">eg/wiki/#cite_ref-JRVlist_9-5" target="_blank">f-JRVlist_9-3" targg/wiki/#cite_ref-JRVlist_9-5" target="_blank">f="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#cite_reg/wiki/#cite_ref-JRVlist_9-5" target="_blank">f-JRVlist_9-4" target="_blank">et="_blank">d, g/wiki/#cite_ref-JRVlist_9-5" target="_blank">f="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#cite_reg/wiki/#cite_ref-JRVlist_9-5" target="_blank">f-JRVlist_9-4" target="_blank">e, g/wiki/#cite_ref-JRVlist_9-5" target="_blank">f, g, h Author:Vile, John R. (2005) Volume 1: Letters A through M of The Constitutional Convention of 1787: An All-Inclusive Encyclopedia of America's Founding ABC-CLIO p  658 ISBN 1-85109-669-8
  9. ^ This is the "Delaware Government"1 Delaware gov The State of Delaware's Official Government Resource Center
  10. ^ Summary of Pennsylvania's Past, 1776–1861, From Independence to Civil War PA gov Pennsylvania Historical & Museum Commission
  11. ^ "Minutes of the Convention of 1787" NJ gov The State Department of New Jersey
  12. ^ Historically Speaking, January 9 loc gov Congress's Library
  13. ^ Today in Historical Perspective: July 26 loc gov U.S. Congress Library
  14. ^ The 21st of November in History loc gov The Congress Library
  15. ^ The Fourteenth U.S. State History of Vermont: An Exploration Organization dedicated to preserving Vermont's past Date of original publication: May 30, 2013
  16. ^ "State Historical Park at Constitution Square" americanheritage com Publishing House of American Heritage Retrieved April 23, 2019
  17. ^ a b U.S. territory and state naming conventions and precedents TheGreenPapers com
  18. ^ Timeline of State History TN gov Department of State of Tennessee This version was archived from the original on April 10, 2016
  19. ^ Author: Blue, Frederick J. (Fall of 2002) Ohio became a state on [[this]] date. The Bulletin of the Ohio Academy of History This version was archived from the original on September 11, 2010
  20. ^ Explaining the Confusion of Ohio's Statehood
  21. ^ Information Quickly About Louisiana louisiana gov This version was archived on March 24, 2013. Retrieved June 15, 2016
  22. ^ Here's some warm greetings from the Mississippi Bicentennial Celebration Board. Commission for the 200th Anniversary of Mississippi's Statehood Retrieved On the sixteenth of February, 2017
  23. ^ Historically Speaking, It's December 3rd loc gov US Congress Library
  24. ^ Reference: "Alabama Historical Timeline, 1800–1860." alabama gov Retrieved June 15, 2016
  25. ^ For the 15th of March, today in history loc gov Archives of the Congress
  26. ^ This Day in History... August 10 loc gov United States Congress Library
  27. ^ This day in history is June 15th. loc gov The Congress Library
  28. ^ January 26th is "Today in History" loc gov The Congress Library
  29. ^ Texans celebrate the state's admission to the Union. Yesterday in the Past The A&E Television Networks March 4, 2010 Retrieved April 23, 2019
  30. ^ The 29th of May: A Day in History loc gov The Congress Library
  31. ^ California was officially admitted to the Union on September 9, 1850. CA gov California State Parks and Recreation Commission
  32. ^ The 11th of May: A Day in History loc gov US Congress Library
  33. ^ The 29th of January in History loc gov Federal Research Library
  34. ^ The 20th of June in History loc gov US Congress Library
  35. ^ Reorganized Virginia's government approved West Virginia's separation in Chapter Twelve of "A State of Convenience: The Creation of West Virginia." Wvculture org Bureau of West Virginia History and Culture
  36. ^ 78 U.S. 39 (1870) "Virginia v. West Virginia" Justia com
  37. ^ In a historical context, August 1st would be described as "Today in History." loc gov National Library of Congress
  38. ^ a b History on This Day (November 2) loc gov Federal Research Library
  39. ^ MacPherson, James, and Burbach, Kevin. (2014, November 2). "At 125 years of statehood, rivalry still exists in the Dakotas." In the Bismarck Tribune AP Retrieved June 29, 2020
  40. ^ To cite this article: Stein, Mark (2008) Smithsonian Books/Harper Collins, "How the States Got Their Shapes," p 256
  41. ^ David J. Wishart (ed ) "Montana" A Reference Guide to the Plains Lincoln: Nebraska's State University Retrieved Friday, February 15 2017
  42. ^ For the 11th of November, see "Today in History." loc gov The Congress Library
  43. ^ Linda Thatcher (2016) History of the Fight for Statehood historytogo utah gov In the state of Utah
  44. ^ A Historical Perspective for November 16 loc gov The United States Congress Library
  45. ^ Paul Rodgers. (2011). Initiation into the Law of the Constitution of the United States McFarland p  109 ISBN 978-0-7864-6017-5

Internet resources [ edit ]

  • The United States of America Video Archive History com
  • "Birth dates of nations" 50states com
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