Ordered list of when each state joined the United States

United States map labeled with state names and borders
After the initial 13 states ratified the Constitution in 1787, additional states were admitted to the Union in the order of their ratification.

The 50 individual states that make up the United States of America are co-sovereign entities with the central government. Due to the division of powers between the federal government and the individual states, Americans hold dual citizenship. The full official names of the states of Kentucky, Massachusetts, Pennsylvania, and Virginia all include the word "commonwealth" rather than "state."

The 50 states make up the most basic organizational unit of the USA. They have all the authority that isn't specifically given to or prohibited to the federal government by the United States Constitution. Concerns such as intrastate commerce, elections, the formation of local governments, public school policy, and the construction and maintenance of non-federal roads are generally under the purview of state governments. Republican principles form the basis for each state's constitution and government, which consists of an executive, legislative, and judicial branch. [2]

The United States Congress is a bicameral legislature consisting of the Senate and the House of Representatives. Each state has two senators and at least one representative, with the size of each state's delegation in the House of Representatives determined by the state's population as of the most recent decennial census required by the Constitution. Furthermore, the Electoral College, the body that elects the President and Vice President of the United States, allows each state to choose a number of electors to vote in the election proportional to the number of its representatives and senators in Congress. [4]

The Constitution specifically gives Congress the power to Union" target="_blank">admit new states into the Union in Article IV, Section 3, Clause 1. Since its founding in 1776, the United States has grown from its original 13 to its current 50 states. All newly admitted states have been given full voting rights. [5]

Below is a table with information about when each of the 50 states became independent. After signing on to the Declaration of Independence in July 1776, the first 13 states formally entered the Union of States between 1777 and 1781 by ratifying the Articles of Confederation. (See below for a separate table detailing the ratification of the AoC.) In the order in which they joined the new (and current) federal government after ratifying the Constitution in 1787, these states are listed below. Each subsequent state's admission date is a legally binding statute. [a]

List of U S states [ edit ]

State Date
(approved or permitted) Composed of 1   Delaware 7 December 1787 [8]
(ratified) The State of Delaware as a Colony[b] 2   Pennsylvania When: Friday, December 12th, 1787 [10]
(ratified) Pennsylvania, a Crown Colony 3   New Jersey 18 December 1787 [11]
(ratified) The New Jersey Crown Colony 4   Georgia On this day in 1788 [8]
(ratified) Georgia, a British Crown Colony 5   Connecticut 9 January 1788 [12]
(ratified) Connecticut, a Colony of the British Crown 6   Massachusetts 6 February 1788 [8]
(ratified) The Province of Massachusetts Bay, a British Colony 7   Maryland April 28, 1788 [8]
(ratified) Maryland, a colonial possession 8   To the South May 23, 1788 [8]
(ratified) South Carolina, a Crown Colony 9   This New Hampshire1 June 21, 1788 [8]
(ratified) New Hampshire, a Colony under British Rule 10   Virginia June 25, 1788 [8]
(ratified) Queen Anne's Dominions and the Virginia Colony 11   New York July 26, 1788 [13]
(ratified) New York, a Royal Colony 12   In the state of North Carolina1 Tuesday, November 21st, 1789 [14]
(ratified) North Carolina, a former British colony 13   Here in Rhode Island1 May 29, 1790 [8]
(ratified) Officially, the Rhode Island and Providence Plantations were a crown colony. 14   Vermont March 4, 1791 [15]
(admitted) State of Vermont Republic[c] 15   Kentucky June 1, 1792 [16]
(admitted) To be exact, Virginia has nine counties in its District of Kentucky(d). 16   Tennessee June 1, 1796 [18]
(admitted) Aspects of the South-Western Region 17   Ohio March 1, 1803 [19][e]
(admitted) Canada's Northwest Territories 18   Louisiana April 30, 1812 [21]
(admitted) Orleans Territory 19   Indiana The 11th of December, 1816
(admitted) The State of Indiana 20   Mississippi The date was December 10th, 1817. [22]
(admitted) Region of Mississippi 21   Illinois Sunday, December 3rd, 1818 [23]
(admitted) State of Illinois, Part 22   Alabama Dated: 12/14/1819 [24]
(admitted) The State of Alabama 23   Maine March 15, 1820 [25]
(admitted) District of Maine (Massachusetts) 24   Missouri Monday, August 10, 1821 [26]
(admitted) Area of Missouri 25   Arkansas June 15, 1836 [27]
(admitted) Arkansas State 26   Michigan Monday, January 26th, 1837 [28]
(admitted) The Michigan Territory1 27   Florida March 3, 1845
(admitted) State of Florida 28   Texas On this day in 1845, December 29th, [29]
(admitted) Confederate States of America 29   Iowa On this day in 1846, December
(admitted) The Iowa Territory, Part 30   Wisconsin May 29, 1848 [30]
(admitted) A Section of Wisconsin 31   California Nine September, 1850 [31]
(admitted) Disordered Lands / The Mexican Cession, Part (g) 32   Minnesota May 11, 1858 [32]
(admitted) Separate Section of Minnesota 33   Oregon Wednesday, February 14, 1859
(admitted) Section of Oregon Territory 34   Kansas Monday, January 29th, 1861 [33]
(admitted) A Portion of Kansas 35   The Mountain State, or West Virginia1. June 20, 1863 [34]
(admitted) The Commonwealth of Virginia (all 50 counties in the Trans-Allegheny area[h]). 36   Nevada October 31st, 1864
(admitted) Geographical Location: Nevada 37   Nebraska March 1, 1867
(admitted) The State of Nebraska 38   Colorado The First of August, 1876 [37]
(admitted) The Colorado Region 39   To the north: North Dakota1 Sunday, November 2, 1889 [38][i]
(admitted) North Dakota (a portion of) 40   States of America: South Dakota1 Monday, November 2, 1889 [38][i]
(admitted) A Portion of Dakota Territory 41   Montana November 8th, 1889 [41]
(admitted) The State of Montana 42   Washington 11 November 1889 [42]
(admitted) Territorial Government of Washington 43   Idaho July 3, 1890
(admitted) The State of Idaho 44   Wyoming July 10, 1890
(admitted) State of Wyoming 45   Utah Thursday, January 4, 1896 [43]
(admitted) UT - Utah Valley 46   Oklahoma The Date Was November 16th, 1907 [44]
(admitted) The Indian and Oklahoma Territories 47   New Mexico 6 January 1912
(admitted) Region of New Mexico 48   Arizona It all started on this date in 1912: February 14
(admitted) The State of Arizona 49   Alaska Dated: January 3rd, 1959
(admitted) Anchorage, Alaska 50   Hawaii On this date in 1959:
(admitted) Hawaii's Home Islands

Ratification of the Articles of Confederation [ edit ]

On November 15, 1777, the Articles of Confederation were approved by the Second Continental Congress and sent to the individual states for ratification. The Articles of Confederation were ratified by the required number of states (13) and went into effect on March 1, 1781. The Articles of Confederation were abolished and replaced by the present Constitutional government on March 4, 1789. [45]

State Date 1 Seal of Virginia.svg Virginia On this day in 1777 2 Carolina del Sur Friday, February 5th, 1778 3 Seal of New York.svg New York It was February 6th, 1778. 4 Here in Seal of Rhode Island.svg Rhode Island Sunday, February 9th, 1778 5 Seal of Connecticut.svg Connecticut 12 February 1778 6 Seal of Georgia.svg Georgia Wednesday, February 26th, 1778 7 This Seal of New Hampshire.svg New Hampshire March 4, 1778 8 Seal of Pennsylvania.svg Pennsylvania March 5, 1778 9 Seal of Massachusetts.svg Massachusetts March 10, 1778 10 Carolina del Norte April 5, 1778 11 Seal of New Jersey.svg New Jersey Dated: November 19th, 1778 12 Seal of Delaware.svg Delaware The First of February, 1779 13 Seal of Maryland (reverse).svg Maryland The date was February 2, 1781.

See also [ edit ]

  • The admission of California to the Union was a part of the Compromise of 1850, a set of legislative acts passed by Congress.
  • During the years 1854–1861, when Kansas was still considered part of the territory rather than a state, a series of violent conflicts broke out in the territory between anti-slavery and pro-slavery groups.
  • In 1889, Congress passed the Enabling Act, which allowed the people of the Dakota, Montana, and Washington territories to organize themselves politically as states and apply for admission to the Union.
  • Authorizing the people of the Indian Territory and the Oklahoma Territory to organize themselves into a single state and to seek admission to the Union as a single state via the Oklahoma Enabling Act; also authorizing the people of the New Mexico and Arizona Territories to organize themselves into a state government and to seek admission to the Union as a single state. calling for a vote on whether or not the two areas should be united as a single state.
  • The Alaska Statehood Act officially made Alaska a state on January 3, 1959.

Notes [ edit ]

  1. ^ The Civil War secession and subsequent readmission to the Union of 11 states (Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Florida, Alabama, Mississippi, Tennessee, Arkansas, Louisiana, and Texas) is not reflected on this list. Similarly, the federal government does not recognize the states' separation from the Union, so each state's "readmission to representation in Congress" after the war is valid. While the Constitution itself is silent on the subject of whether or not states have the power to secede from the Union, the Supreme Court ruled in Texas v. White (1869) that a state does not have the power to secede on its own. [7]
  2. ^ The "Three Lower Counties Upon Delaware," as they are sometimes called. On June 15, 1776, the Delaware Assembly passed a resolution ending Delaware's colonial status with Great Britain and establishing the three counties as a new state governed by "the Government of the Counties of New Castle." Upon the Delaware River, Kent and Sussex [9]
  3. ^ Approximately 135 grants for unoccupied land claimed by New Hampshire west of the Connecticut River (in what is today southern Vermont) were issued by New Hampshire provincial governor Benning Wentworth between 1749 and 1764. This territory was also claimed by New York. Conflict over the "New Hampshire Grants" eventually inspired the formation of the Green Mountain Boys and the Vermont Republic. By royal order of George III in 1764, New Hampshire's claim to the land was terminated, and in 1790, the State of New York sold Vermont its land claim for $30,000.
  4. ^ On December 18, 1789, the General Assembly of Virginia passed a bill approving the separation of the "District of Kentucky" from the rest of Virginia and recognizing the territory as a new state. [17]
  5. ^ Ohio's official statehood date is a mystery. To "authorize the inhabitants of Ohio to form a Constitution and state government, and admission of Ohio into the Union," the 7th Congress voted on April 30, 1802 (Sess. 1, ch 40, 2 Stat. 173) An act "providing for the execution of the laws of the United States in the State of Ohio" (Sess. 1–1) was passed by the same Congress on February 19, 1803. 2, ch 7, 2 Stat. 201) Yet, neither statute established an official date of statehood. The 83rd Congress passed a Joint resolution "for admitting the State of Ohio into the Union" (Pub. L. 83-204, 67 Stat. 407, enacted 1953) to officially establish Ohio's statehood date. The 7th of August, 1953 ) which fixed the date as March 1, 1803 [20]
  6. ^ On July 19, 1819, Mainers voted 17,001 to 7,132 in favor of leaving the rest of Massachusetts to form the "District of Maine," which was established by enabling legislation passed by the Massachusetts General Court on June 19, 1819. followed up by passing legislation acknowledging Maine's impending statehood [17]
  7. ^ The Mexican Department of Alta California encompassed the majority of the territory that Mexico ceded to the United States in 1848 after the Bear Flag Revolt and the Mexican-American War. It was as part of the Compromise of 1850 that Congress passed the Act that made California the 31st state.
  8. ^ An act authorizing the formation of West Virginia was passed by the General Assembly of the Restored Government of Virginia on May 13, 1862. The Supreme Court's decision in Virginia v. West Virginia (1871) later implied that the secessionist counties in Virginia had the requisite consents for statehood. [36]
  9. ^ a b North and South Dakota are the only twin-born states in the United States, having been created within minutes of each other on the same day. President Benjamin Harrison shuffled the statehood papers so that no one would know which state became the first until after he signed them. By custom, North Dakota is commonly recognized as the 39th state and South Dakota as the 40th, as "n" precedes "s" in the alphabet [39][40]

References [ edit ]

  1. ^ Edward Erler Writings on "Amendment XIV: Citizenship" For the Heritage Foundation
  2. ^ The Minnesota State Legislature's "Frequently Asked Questions" Governing Body of Minnesota
  3. ^ Kristin D Burnett Distribution of House Seats in the 2010 Census (Census 2010 Briefs C2010BR-08)" (PDF) U S Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Department of Commerce, Economics and Statistics Administration
  4. ^ In the words of Einer R. Elhauge Article II Electors and Presidential Elections: Some Reflections We at Heritage, The
  5. ^ "The Doctrine of State Equalities" Justia com
  6. ^ Author: Jensen, Merrill (1959) An Analysis of the Social and Constitutional History of the American Revolution under the Articles of Confederation, 1774–1781 Press of the University of Wisconsin pp  xi, 184 ISBN 978-0-299-00204-6
  7. ^ 74 U.S. 700 (1868) "Texas v. White" Justia com
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target="_blank">f="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#cite_reg/wiki/#cite_ref-JRVlist_9-5" target="_blank">f-JRVlist_9-4" target="_blank">edia.org/wiki/#citg/wiki/#cite_ref-JRVlist_9-5" target="_blank">f="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#cite_reg/wiki/#cite_ref-JRVlist_9-5" target="_blank">f-JRVlist_9-4" target="_blank">e_rg/wiki/#cite_ref-JRVlist_9-5" target="_blank">f="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#cite_reg/wiki/#cite_ref-JRVlist_9-5" target="_blank">f-JRVlist_9-4" target="_blank">eg/wiki/#cite_ref-JRVlist_9-5" target="_blank">f-JRVlist_9-3" targg/wiki/#cite_ref-JRVlist_9-5" target="_blank">f="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#cite_reg/wiki/#cite_ref-JRVlist_9-5" target="_blank">f-JRVlist_9-4" target="_blank">et="_blank">dia.org/wiki/#citg/wiki/#cite_ref-JRVlist_9-5" target="_blank">f="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#cite_reg/wiki/#cite_ref-JRVlist_9-5" target="_blank">f-JRVlist_9-4" target="_blank">e_rg/wiki/#cite_ref-JRVlist_9-5" target="_blank">f="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#cite_reg/wiki/#cite_ref-JRVlist_9-5" target="_blank">f-JRVlist_9-4" target="_blank">eg/wiki/#cite_ref-JRVlist_9-5" target="_blank">f-JRVlist_9-2" targg/wiki/#cite_ref-JRVlist_9-5" target="_blank">f="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#cite_reg/wiki/#cite_ref-JRVlist_9-5" target="_blank">f-JRVlist_9-4" target="_blank">et="_blank">c, g/wiki/#cite_ref-JRVlist_9-5" target="_blank">f="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#cite_reg/wiki/#cite_ref-JRVlist_9-5" target="_blank">f-JRVlist_9-4" target="_blank">eg/wiki/#cite_ref-JRVlist_9-5" target="_blank">f="https://g/wiki/#cite_ref-JRVlist_9-5" target="_blank">f="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#cite_reg/wiki/#cite_ref-JRVlist_9-5" target="_blank">f-JRVlist_9-4" target="_blank">en.wikipg/wiki/#cite_ref-JRVlist_9-5" target="_blank">f="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#cite_reg/wiki/#cite_ref-JRVlist_9-5" target="_blank">f-JRVlist_9-4" target="_blank">edia.org/wiki/#citg/wiki/#cite_ref-JRVlist_9-5" target="_blank">f="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#cite_reg/wiki/#cite_ref-JRVlist_9-5" target="_blank">f-JRVlist_9-4" target="_blank">e_rg/wiki/#cite_ref-JRVlist_9-5" target="_blank">f="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#cite_reg/wiki/#cite_ref-JRVlist_9-5" target="_blank">f-JRVlist_9-4" target="_blank">eg/wiki/#cite_ref-JRVlist_9-5" target="_blank">f-JRVlist_9-3" targg/wiki/#cite_ref-JRVlist_9-5" target="_blank">f="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#cite_reg/wiki/#cite_ref-JRVlist_9-5" target="_blank">f-JRVlist_9-4" target="_blank">et="_blank">d, g/wiki/#cite_ref-JRVlist_9-5" target="_blank">f="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#cite_reg/wiki/#cite_ref-JRVlist_9-5" target="_blank">f-JRVlist_9-4" target="_blank">e, g/wiki/#cite_ref-JRVlist_9-5" target="_blank">f, g, h - John R. 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  9. ^ This is the "Delaware Government"1 Delaware gov Delaware's Official Government Resource Center, State of Delaware
  10. ^ "A Survey of Pennsylvania History, 1776–1861, From Independence to the Civil War" PA gov The Historical and Museum Commission of Pennsylvania
  11. ^ Minutes of the Convention of 1787 NJ gov The State Department of New Jersey
  12. ^ Historically Speaking, January 9 loc gov Congressional Library
  13. ^ The 26th of July: A Day in History loc gov Federal Research Library
  14. ^ The 21st of November in History loc gov Congress Library
  15. ^ Known as "The 14th State," History of Vermont: An Exploration Institution of Vermont History This version was archived on May 30, 2013.
  16. ^ "State Historical Park at Constitution Square" americanheritage com Heritage, an Imprint of American Heritage Publishing Retrieved April 23, 2019
  17. ^ a b Names and legal designations of the fifty states and the territories of the United States through the years. TheGreenPapers com
  18. ^ History of the State as Shown on a Timeline TN gov Official Website of the State Government of Tennessee Saved as the original on April 10, 2016
  19. ^ The Case for Frederick J. Blue During the fall of 2002. Date Ohio Became a State Ohio Historical Society Quarterly Retrieved from "Archived copy" on September 11, 2010
  20. ^ An Explanation of Ohio's Statehood
  21. ^ "Fast Facts about the State of Louisiana" louisiana gov Page archived from the original on March 24, 2013 Retrieved June 15, 2016
  22. ^ The Mississippi Bicentennial Celebration Commission would like to extend a hearty "Welcome!" Official Organization for Mississippi's Bicentennial Events Retrieved On the sixteenth of February, 2017
  23. ^ Dated as "Today in History: December 3," loc gov Archives of the Congress
  24. ^ The article "Alabama Historical Timeline, 1800–1860" alabama gov Retrieved June 15, 2016
  25. ^ The 15th of March in History loc gov The Congress Library
  26. ^ The tenth of August: A Day in History loc gov The Congress Library
  27. ^ The 15th of June in History loc gov The Congress Library
  28. ^ The 26th of January in History loc gov US Congress Library
  29. ^ The phrase "Texas joins the Union" is now common usage. Historically Speaking: Today We Are Going To Talk About TV Stations Owned by A&E Networks March 4, 2010 Retrieved April 23, 2019
  30. ^ The 29th of May is a historical milestone, so let's talk about it! loc gov US Congress Library
  31. ^ The "Admission Day of California" is September 9, 1850. CA gov To the State of California, Parks and Recreation
  32. ^ The 11th of May: A Day in History loc gov The Congress Library
  33. ^ Timeline of January 29th historical events. loc gov National Library of Congress
  34. ^ It's June 20th, so here's what happened yesterday in history. loc gov The United States Congress Library
  35. ^ Chapter 12 of "A State of Convenience: The Creation of West Virginia" describes when the newly reformed Virginian government officially recognized West Virginia as an independent state. Wvculture org Agency for Culture and History of West Virginia
  36. ^ 78 U.S. 39 (1870) "Virginia v. West Virginia" Justia com
  37. ^ The 1st of August: A Day in History loc gov The Congress Library
  38. ^ a b "On This Day in History... November 2" loc gov The Congress Library
  39. ^ James MacPherson & Kevin Burbach. "The Effects of a High-Fat Diet on Insulin Resistance." In spite of the passage of 125 years since the Dakotas became independent, rivalry continues to this day. Bismarck's Daily Tribune AP Retrieved June 29, 2020
  40. ^ Reference: Stein, Mark (2008) The Smithsonian Institution Press/HarperCollins book "How the States Got Their Shapes" (p. 256
  41. ^ Author: Wishart, David J. (ed ) "Montana" This is an encyclopedia about the Great Plains. The University of Nebraska at Lincoln Retrieved 15 Février 2017
  42. ^ Today in History (November 11) loc gov The United States Congress Library
  43. ^ After Linda Thatcher (2016) Timeline of the Fight for Statehood historytogo utah gov Salt Lake City, Utah
  44. ^ The 16th of November: A Day in History loc gov Congressional Library
  45. ^ According to Paul Rodgers (2011) The Constitution of the United States of America: A Primer McFarland p  109 ISBN 978-0-7864-6017-5

Linked external resources [ edit ]

  • U.S. State Videos History com
  • "Independence Day" 50states com
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