Ordered list of when each state joined the United States

State names and borders on a United States map
After the initial 13 states ratified the Constitution in 1787, additional states were admitted to the Union in the order of their ratification.

A state is one of the 50 individual entities that make up the United States and share sovereignty with the federal government. Due to the division of powers between the federal government and the individual states, Americans hold dual citizenship. [1]The full official names of the states of Kentucky, Massachusetts, Pennsylvania, and Virginia all include the word "commonwealth" rather than "state."

To better understand the United States, it is helpful to break it down into its constituent parts, which are called "states." They have all the authority that is not specifically granted to or prohibited by the federal government. For the most part, matters of local concern are left to the jurisdiction of individual states, such as the management of intrastate trade, the conduct of elections, the formation of municipal governments, the direction of public education, and the building and maintenance of roads not funded by the federal government. Republican principles form the basis for each individual state's constitution and government, which consists of an executive, legislative, and judicial branch. [2]

The United States Congress is a bicameral legislature made up of senators and representatives from all 50 states. In the Senate, every state has two seats, and in the House of Representatives, every state has a minimum of one representative and as many as its population warrants, as determined by the most recent decennial census required by the Constitution. In addition, the Electoral College, the body that chooses the President and Vice President of the United States, grants each state a number of electors equal to the sum of its congressional deputies and senators. [4]

Constitutional law states that Article IV, Section 3, Clause 1 gives Congress the power to Union" target="_blank">admit new states to the Union. The United States' total number of states has grown from the original 13 in 1776 to the current 50. All new states have been given full voting rights, just like the others. [5]

Table 1 shows the dates of statehood for all 50 states. Following their approval of the United States Declaration of Independence in July 1776, the original 13 states entered the Union of States in the years 1777–1781, and ratified the Articles of Confederation. (See below for a separate table detailing the ratification dates of the AoC.) These states are listed in the order in which they ratified the Constitution in 1787 and thus became part of the newly formed and still-existing United States of America. Each subsequent state's admission date is a statutory deadline established by Congress. [a]

List of U S states [ edit ]

State Date
admitted; approved Consisting of 1   Delaware When: 7 December 1787 [8]
(ratified) Delaware [b] Colony 2   Pennsylvania Dated: 12 December 1787 [10]
(ratified) Pa., a colonial holdout in a Union of colonies 3   New Jersey Tuesday, December 18th, 1787 [11]
(ratified) New Jersey, a former British colony that became a state in the United States 4   Georgia First Day of the Year, 1788 [8]
(ratified) Georgia, a British Crown Colony 5   Connecticut This day in 1788, January 9 [12]
(ratified) State of Connecticut, Royal Colony 6   Massachusetts 6 February 1788 [8]
(ratified) Massachusetts Bay Colony, a Crown Colony 7   Maryland April 28, 1788 [8]
(ratified) Maryland, a colonial-era province 8   State of South Carolina1 May 23, 1788 [8]
(ratified) South Carolina, a Crown Colony 9   This New Hampshire1 June 21, 1788 [8]
(ratified) New Hampshire, a Colony Under the Crown 10   Virginia June 25, 1788 [8]
(ratified) Virginia, Dominated Crown Colony and Currently Reigning Monarchy 11   New York July 26, 1788 [13]
(ratified) New York, a Royal Colony 12   Carolina del Norte On this day in 1789 [14]
(ratified) North Carolina, a former British colony 13   The Ocean State: Rhode Island1 May 29, 1790 [8]
(ratified) State of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations, British Colony 14   Vermont March 4, 1791 [15]
(admitted) The Republic of Vermont 15   Kentucky June 1, 1792 [16]
(admitted) (Kentucky is represented by nine counties in Virginia) 16   Tennessee June 1, 1796 [18]
(admitted) The Southwestern Region 17   Ohio March 1, 1803 [19][e]
(admitted) The Northwest Territories, Fractional 18   Louisiana April 30, 1812 [21]
(admitted) Places Located in the Province of Orleans 19   Indiana On this date in 1816:
(admitted) The State of Indiana 20   Mississippi Dated: 12-10-1817 [22]
(admitted) Mississippi Territory 21   Illinois This day in 1818, on December 3rd, [23]
(admitted) Part of Illinois Territory 22   Alabama Tuesday, December 14, 1819 [24]
(admitted) State of Alabama 23   Maine March 15, 1820 [25]
(admitted) Commonwealth of Massachusetts (Maine[f]) District 24   Missouri Date: August 10, 1821 [26]
(admitted) A Portion of Missouri Territory 25   Arkansas June 15, 1836 [27]
(admitted) Specifically, the Arkansas Valley 26   Michigan January 26th, 1837 [28]
(admitted) The State of Michigan 27   Florida March 3, 1845
(admitted) The State of Florida 28   Texas On this day in 1845, December 29th, [29]
(admitted) Confederate States of America 29   Iowa Today in 1846, on the 28th day of December
(admitted) The State of Iowa and Adjacent Lands 30   Wisconsin May 29, 1848 [30]
(admitted) A section of Wisconsin 31   California The Nineteenth Day of September, 1850 [31]
(admitted) In a state of disarray / the Mexican Cession, part 32   Minnesota May 11, 1858 [32]
(admitted) A Section of Minnesota 33   Oregon On this day in 1859, February 14th,
(admitted) This portion of Oregon Territory 34   Kansas On this day in 1861, January 29 [33]
(admitted) An Area of Kansas 35   That State in the Mountaineer State June 20, 1863 [34]
(admitted) Fifty counties in Virginia's Trans-Allegheny area. 36   Nevada Date: October 31, 1864
(admitted) Geographical Location: Nevada 37   Nebraska March 1, 1867
(admitted) Territory of Nebraska 38   Colorado When: August 1st, 1876 [37]
(admitted) The Colorado Region 39   To the north: North Dakota1 On this day in 1889, November 2 [38][i]
(admitted) Section of Dakota Territory 40   This is South Dakota1. It all started on November 2nd, 1889. [38][i]
(admitted) State of Dakota (in part) 41   Montana November 8th, 1889 [41]
(admitted) State of Montana 42   Washington Sunday, November 11th, 1889 [42]
(admitted) Territorial Government of Washington 43   Idaho July 3, 1890
(admitted) The State of Idaho 44   Wyoming July 10, 1890
(admitted) The State of Wyoming 45   Utah On this day in 1896: January 4 [43]
(admitted) The State of Utah 46   Oklahoma Sunday, November 16th, 1907 [44]
(admitted) The Indian and Oklahoma Territories 47   New Mexico Dated: January 6th, 1912
(admitted) The State of New Mexico 48   Arizona Earlier today, on February 14th, 1912
(admitted) Territorial Status: Arizona 49   Alaska Wednesday, January 3, 1959
(admitted) Province of Alaska 50   Hawaii On this date in 1959:
(admitted) Location: Hawaii

A timeline of the ratification of the Articles of Confederation [ edit ]

To be ratified by the separate states, the Articles of Confederation were approved by the Second Continental Congress on November 15, 1777. After being ratified by all 13 states, the Articles of Confederation took effect on March 1, 1781. The current federal government, established under the Constitution, succeeded the general government under the Articles on March 4, 1789. [45]

State Date 1 Seal of Virginia.svg Virginia On this day in 1777 2 Colony State of Seal of South Carolina.svg South Carolina As of this date in 1778 (2/5) 3 Seal of New York.svg New York On this day in 1778, February 6 4 To the State of Seal of Rhode Island.svg Rhode Island Tuesday, February 9, 1778 5 Seal of Connecticut.svg Connecticut Twelve days after Valentine's Day, 1778 6 Seal of Georgia.svg Georgia February 26th, 1778 7 Granite State, Seal of New Hampshire.svg New Hampshire March 4, 1778 8 Seal of Pennsylvania.svg Pennsylvania March 5, 1778 9 Seal of Massachusetts.svg Massachusetts March 10, 1778 10 Cary, Seal of North Carolina.svg North Carolina April 5, 1778 11 Seal of New Jersey.svg New Jersey November 19th, 1778 12 Seal of Delaware.svg Delaware The First of February, 1779 13 Seal of Maryland (reverse).svg Maryland Initially published: 2 February, 1781

See also [ edit ]

  • Among the many legislative acts that made up the "Compromise of 1850," the one that led to California's eventual admission to the Union was the California Gold Clause.
  • A series of bloody conflicts between anti-slavery and pro-slavery groups occurred in Kansas Territory between 1854 and 1861, a period known as "Bleeding Kansas."
  • The Enabling Act of 1889 gave the people of the Dakota, Montana, and Washington territories the right to organize their own governments and seek admission to the Union as individual states (the Dakotas were to be split in half).
  • The Oklahoma Enabling Act gave the people of Oklahoma and the Indian Territory the right to organize a state government and seek admission to the Union as a single state. The New Mexico and Arizona Admission Acts did the same for the people of those territories. calling for a vote to decide whether or not the two areas should be united as one state.
  • The Alaska Statehood Act, which officially made Alaska a state on January 3, 1959.

Notes [ edit ]

  1. ^ Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Florida, Alabama, Mississippi, Tennessee, Arkansas, Louisiana, and Texas seceded from the Union and formed the Confederate States of America during the American Civil War, but they were later readmitted to the Union. Similarly, the federal government does not recognize the states' separation from the Union, so each state's "readmission to representation in Congress" after the war is valid. In addition, the Constitution is ambiguous on the subject of whether or not states have the authority to secede from the Union; however, the Supreme Court ruled in Texas v. White (1869) that a state does not have the authority to secede from the Union on its own. [7]
  2. ^ The "Three Lower Counties Upon Delaware" are another name for this area. On June 15, 1776, the Delaware Assembly passed a resolution ending the colony's relationship with Great Britain and establishing "the Government of the Counties of New Castle" over the state's three counties. The Counties of Kent and Sussex, Upon the State of Delaware [9]
  3. ^ Nearly 135 grants for uninhabited land claimed by New Hampshire west of the Connecticut River (in what is now southern Vermont) were issued by provincial governor Benning Wentworth between 1749 and 1764. This territory was also claimed by New York. The Green Mountain Boys emerged as a result of this conflict over the "New Hampshire Grants," and the Vermont Republic was subsequently founded. By royal decree issued in 1764, George III ended New Hampshire's claim to the land, and in 1790, New York gave up its claim to the land in exchange for $30,000. Vermont then acquired the land.
  4. ^ On December 18, 1789, the Virginia General Assembly passed a bill approving the separation of the "District of Kentucky" from the rest of Virginia and recognizing the territory as a new state. [17]
  5. ^ Incomplete historical records make it difficult to pinpoint when Ohio was officially admitted to the Union as a state. A law "authorizing the inhabitants of Ohio to form a Constitution and state government, and admission of Ohio into the Union" (Sess.) was passed by the 7th Congress on April 30, 1802 (O.H.R. 1). 1, ch 40, 2 Stat. 173) An act "providing for the execution of the laws of the United States in the State of Ohio" (Sess) was passed by the same Congress on February 19, 1803. 2, ch 7, 2 Stat. 201) However, neither law established an official date of statehood. The 83rd Congress officially recognized Ohio as a state on March 1, 1953, when it passed a Joint resolution "for admitting the State of Ohio into the Union" (Pub. L. 83-204, 67 Stat. 407). On this day in 1953, August 7 ) which fixed the date as March 1, 1803 [20]
  6. ^ On June 19, 1819, the Massachusetts General Court passed enabling legislation separating the "District of Maine" from the rest of the State (an action approved by voters in Maine on July 19, 1819, by 17,001 to 7,132); then, on February 25, 1820, the Massachusetts Legislature formally recognized the "District of Maine" as an independent state. another bill was passed recognizing Maine's impending statehood. [17]
  7. ^ Following the Bear Flag Revolt and Mexican-American War in 1848, Mexico ceded a large portion of what had been the Mexican Department of Alta California to the United States. A component of the Compromise of 1850 was the passage of the Act of Congress that admitted California as the 31st state.
  8. ^ West Virginia was officially recognized as a separate state by an act of the General Assembly of the Restored Government of Virginia on May 13, 1862. Following this, in the case of Virginia v. West Virginia (1871), the Supreme Court implicitly confirmed that the secessionist counties of Virginia had the requisite consents for statehood. [36]
  9. ^ a b North and South Dakota are the only states to have been born on the same day, and within minutes of each other. President Benjamin Harrison juggled the statehood documents so that no one would know in advance which territory or territory was to become a state. Since "n" comes before "s" in the alphabet, North Dakota is traditionally counted as the 39th state, while South Dakota is counted as the 40th. [39][40]

References [ edit ]

  1. ^ Edward Erler Articles Discussing Citizenship Amendment XIV. Initiated by the Heritage Foundation
  2. ^ Common Inquiries Regarding the Minnesota State Legislature Legislative Assembly of Minnesota
  3. ^ Kristin D Burnett Title: "Congressional Apportionment (2010 Census Briefs C2010BR-08)"1 (PDF) U S Economics and Statistics Administration, Commerce Department
  4. ^ Einer R. Elhauge Presidential Electors and the Constitutional Debate: Essays on Article II We at Heritage, The
  5. ^ "The Doctrine of State Equality" Justia com
  6. ^ Merrill Jensen (1959) An Analysis of the Social and Constitutional History of the American Revolution under the Articles of Confederation, 1774–1781 Press of the University of Wisconsin pp  xi, 184 ISBN 978-0-299-00204-6
  7. ^ This case was referred to as Texas v. White (74 U.S. 700) in the year 1868. Justia com
  8. A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H. According to the research of John R. Vile (2005) Volume 1: Letters A-M of The Constitutional Convention of 1787: An All-Inclusive Encyclopedia of America's Founding ABC-CLIO p  658 ISBN 1-85109-669-8
  9. ^ The State Government of Delaware Delaware gov Delaware State Government Information Portal
  10. ^ Brief History of Pennsylvania from 1776 to 1861 (From Independence to the Civil War) PA gov Commission for Historical and Museum Resources in Pennsylvania
  11. ^ The Official Records of the Convention of 1787 NJ gov Department of State of New Jersey
  12. ^ Date: January 9th, 2011 loc gov The United States Congress Library
  13. ^ July 26: "Today in History" loc gov The Congress Library
  14. ^ "On This Day in History... November 21" loc gov US Congress Library
  15. ^ This new nation is referred to as "State 14." Explore Vermont's Past The Vermont Historical Society Date of original publication: May 30, 2013
  16. ^ The "State Historic Site of Constitution Square" americanheritage com AHPC: American Heritage Publishing Co. Retrieved April 23, 2019
  17. ^ a b U.S. territory and state naming conventions and precedents TheGreenPapers com
  18. ^ Title: "State Historical Timeline" TN gov Tennesee's Ministry of State Date of original upload: April 10, 2016
  19. ^ To cite: Blue, Frederick J. A Look Back at 2002 (Fall) Ohio's official statehood date is listed. Magazine of the Ohio Academy of History Retrieved from "Archived copy" on September 11, 2010
  20. ^ Ohio's Statehood: Setting the Record Straight
  21. ^ Fast information about the state of Louisiana. louisiana gov Date of original publication: March 24, 2013 Retrieved June 15, 2016
  22. ^ The Mississippi Bicentennial Celebration Board extends its warmest greetings to you. Commission for the 200th Anniversary of Mississippi's Statehood Retrieved On the sixteenth of February, 2017
  23. ^ Historically Speaking, It's December 3rd loc gov The Congress Library
  24. ^ Timeline of Alabama's Past, 1800-1850 alabama gov Retrieved June 15, 2016
  25. ^ Timeline of Historical Events for March 15 loc gov The United States Congress Library
  26. ^ It's August 10th, so here's what happened yesterday in history. loc gov The Congress Library
  27. ^ The 15th of June in History loc gov Museum of American History Library of Congress
  28. ^ The 26th of January in History loc gov United States Congress Library
  29. ^ We welcome Texas to the Union! On This Day In... Media conglomerate A&E March 4, 2010 Retrieved April 23, 2019
  30. ^ "On This Day in History...May 29" loc gov National Library of Congress
  31. ^ On this day in 1850, California was officially admitted to the Union. CA gov California State Parks and Recreation Commission
  32. ^ "On This Day in History... May 11" loc gov Archives of the Congress
  33. ^ Historically, January 29th is noted as being "Today in History." loc gov Congress' Library
  34. ^ Dated "Today in History: June 20"1 loc gov The Congress Library
  35. ^ Chapter Twelve: The Reorganized Government of Virginia Approves the Secession of West Virginia from Virginia. Wvculture org Culture and History Section of West Virginia
  36. ^ 78 U.S. 39 (1870) "Virginia v. West Virginia" Justia com
  37. ^ For the first of August, we have the phrase "Today in History." loc gov The Congress Library
  38. ^ a b As seen on "Today in History, November 2." loc gov The Congress Library
  39. ^ MacPherson, James, and Kevin Burbach. After 125 years of statehood, rivalry still exists in the Dakotas. Bismarck's Daily Tribune AP Retrieved June 29, 2020
  40. ^ In his 2008 article, Stein, Mark Smithsonian Books/Harper Collins, "How the States Got Their Shapes," p 256
  41. ^ David J. Wishart (ed ) "Montana" The Great Plains Companion: An Encyclopedia Lincoln: Nebraska's Land Grant Institution Retrieved 15 Février 2017
  42. ^ The 11th of November in History loc gov The Congress Library
  43. ^ Those words by Linda Thatcher (2016) Timeline of the Fight for Statehood historytogo utah gov The State of Utah
  44. ^ This Day in History... November 16 loc gov The Congress Library
  45. ^ Author: Rodgers, Paul (2011) An Overview of U.S. Constitutional Law McFarland p  109 ISBN 978-0-7864-6017-5

Referring to Resources Outside This Article [ edit ]

  • U.S. State Video Collection History com
  • "Independence Day" 50states com
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