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Timeline of U.S. state admissions

Timeline of U.S. state admissions

Table of contents
Identifying state names and borders across a United States map
After the initial 13 states ratified the Constitution in 1787, additional states were admitted to the Union in the order of their ratification.

The 50 individual states that make up the United States are co-sovereign entities with the central government. Due to the division of powers between the federal government and the individual states, Americans hold dual citizenship. For example, the full official names of the states of Kentucky, Massachusetts, Pennsylvania, and Virginia all include the word "commonwealth" rather than "state."

Individual states are the most basic administrative divisions of the USA. They have all the authority that is not given to or prohibited by the federal government in the United States Constitution. Local matters, such as intrastate commerce, elections, the formation of local governments, public school policy, and non-federal road construction and maintenance, are generally under the purview of state governments. Republican principles form the basis for each state's constitution and government, which is made up of an executive, legislative, and judicial branch. [2]

Congress, the United States' bicameral legislature, consists of the Senate and the House of Representatives, and all states and their citizens are guaranteed a voice there. There are two senators and at least one representative from each state, with the size of each state's delegation in the House of Representatives determined by that state's population as of the last decennial census required by the Constitution. In addition, the number of electors a state can choose to represent it in the Electoral College, the body responsible for electing the President and Vice President, is equal to the sum of the number of representatives and senators from that state in Congress. [4]

Constitutional law states that Article IV, Section 3, Clause 1 gives Congress the power to Union" target="_blank">admit new states to the Union. There are now fifty states, up from the original thirteen that existed when the United States was founded in 1776. All new states have been granted full membership, on par with the others. [5]

Below is a table with information about when each of the 50 states became independent. Following their approval of the United States Declaration of Independence in July 1776, the original 13 states entered the Union of States in the years 1777–1781, and ratified the Articles of Confederation. (An additional table with dates of AoC ratification is provided below.) These states are listed in the order in which they joined the new (and current) federal government upon ratification of the Constitution in 1787. In the following sections, each state's admission date is the statutory deadline established by Congress. [a]

List of U S states [ edit ]

State Date
(approved or allowed) Produced by 1   Delaware When: 7 December 1787 [8]
(ratified) Delaware [b] Colony. 2   Pennsylvania The 12th of December, 1787 [10]
(ratified) Province of Pennsylvania that is under Proprietary Rule 3   New Jersey On this day in 1787: [11]
(ratified) Royal New Jersey Colony 4   Georgia Dated: January 2nd, 1788 [8]
(ratified) Georgia, a British Crown Colony 5   Connecticut Tuesday, January 9, 1788 [12]
(ratified) The Connecticut Colony, a British Crown Colony 6   Massachusetts It was February 6th, 1788. [8]
(ratified) Colony of the Crown in the Bay of Massachusetts 7   Maryland April 28, 1788 [8]
(ratified) Maryland, a colonial possession 8   State of South Carolina1 May 23, 1788 [8]
(ratified) Originally, South Carolina was a British colony. 9   This New Hampshire1 June 21, 1788 [8]
(ratified) New Hampshire, a British Colony 10   Virginia June 25, 1788 [8]
(ratified) Virginia, Dominated Colony of the Crown 11   New York July 26, 1788 [13]
(ratified) New York, a Royal Colony 12   This is the state of North Carolina1. Monday, November 21st, 1789 [14]
(ratified) North Carolina, a former British colony 13   The State of Rhode Island1 May 29, 1790 [8]
(ratified) The State of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations, a Royal Colony 14   Vermont March 4, 1791 [15]
(admitted) The [c]Republic of Vermont. 15   Kentucky June 1, 1792 [16]
(admitted) Nine counties in Virginia's District in Kentucky(d) 16   Tennessee June 1, 1796 [18]
(admitted) States Constituting the South-Western Region 17   Ohio March 1, 1803 [19][e]
(admitted) Canada's Northwest Territories 18   Louisiana April 30, 1812 [21]
(admitted) Province of Orleans 19   Indiana On this day in 1816 (December 11)
(admitted) Frontier State of Indiana 20   Mississippi Dated: 12-10-1817 [22]
(admitted) To the West of the Mississippi River 21   Illinois December 3rd, 1818 [23]
(admitted) A Portion of Illinois Territory 22   Alabama As of today, December 14th, 1819 [24]
(admitted) State of Alabama 23   Maine March 15, 1820 [25]
(admitted) Commonwealth of Massachusetts (Maine(f) District). 24   Missouri A.D. 10th, 1821 [26]
(admitted) An Area of Missouri 25   Arkansas June 15, 1836 [27]
(admitted) To the East of the Mississippi River, Arkansas 26   Michigan Wednesday, January 26th, 1837 [28]
(admitted) The State of Michigan, or the Upper Peninsula 27   Florida March 3, 1845
(admitted) Its Florida-based definition 28   Texas On this date in 1845: [29]
(admitted) The State of Texas as a Separate Republic 29   Iowa On this day in 1846:
(admitted) This portion of Iowa Territory is known as: 30   Wisconsin May 29, 1848 [30]
(admitted) This is a section of Wisconsin. 31   California The Nineteen Fifteenth of September, 1850 [31]
(admitted) Chaos-stricken regions / the Mexican Cession, Part (g) 32   Minnesota May 11, 1858 [32]
(admitted) Its portion of Minnesota 33   Oregon On this day in 1859, February 14th, the world changed.
(admitted) It's true that Oregon only makes up a portion of the territory. 34   Kansas Last Updated: 29 January, 1861 [33]
(admitted) A Portion of Kansas 35   "West Virginia1" June 20, 1863 [34]
(admitted) Forty-five counties in the Greater Pittsburgh Area in Virginia. 36   Nevada Instance Date: October 31, 1864
(admitted) The State of Nevada 37   Nebraska March 1, 1867
(admitted) States Constituting the Nebraska Territory1 38   Colorado Date: August 1st, 1876 [37]
(admitted) In the Colorado Territory1 39   The State of North Dakota1 On this day in 1889, November 2 [38][i]
(admitted) A Portion of Dakota Territory 40   Dakota (State) On this day in 1889, November 2 [38][i]
(admitted) A Portion of Dakota Territory 41   Montana November 8th, 1889 [41]
(admitted) The State of Montana 42   Washington Tuesday, November 11, 1889 [42]
(admitted) In the State of Washington 43   Idaho July 3, 1890
(admitted) Territory of Idaho 44   Wyoming July 10, 1890
(admitted) There's a lot of Wyoming here. 45   Utah Monday, January 4th, 1896 [43]
(admitted) The State of Utah 46   Oklahoma The Date Was November 16, 1907 [44]
(admitted) The Indian and Oklahoma Territories 47   New Mexico 6 January 1912
(admitted) A portion of the state of New Mexico 48   Arizona Thursday, February 14th, 1912
(admitted) The State of Arizona 49   Alaska On this date in 1959:
(admitted) In Alaska's case, this means the territory itself. 50   Hawaii Tuesday, August 21, 1959
(admitted) Hawaiian Home Islands

The dates of the ratification of the Articles of Confederation [ edit ]

In order for the Articles of Confederation to be ratified by the separate states, the Second Continental Congress approved them on November 15, 1777. After being ratified by the required number of states (13 in this case), the Articles of Confederation took effect on March 1, 1781. The Articles of Confederation were abolished on March 4, 1789, and the present federal government under the Constitution was established. [45]

State Date 1 Seal of Virginia.svg Virginia Friday, December 16th, 1777 2 Columbia, Seal of South Carolina.svg South Carolina The fifth of February, 1778 3 Seal of New York.svg New York A Precise Date: February 6, 1778 4 Place Name: Seal of Rhode Island.svg Rhode Island Wednesday, February 9th, 1778 5 Seal of Connecticut.svg Connecticut Tuesday, February 12th, 1778 6 Seal of Georgia.svg Georgia On this day in 1778, February 26 7 Granite State, Seal of New Hampshire.svg New Hampshire March 4, 1778 8 Seal of Pennsylvania.svg Pennsylvania March 5, 1778 9 Seal of Massachusetts.svg Massachusetts March 10, 1778 10 In the state of Seal of North Carolina.svg North Carolina April 5, 1778 11 Seal of New Jersey.svg New Jersey Tuesday, November 19th, 1778 12 Seal of Delaware.svg Delaware On this day in 1779, February 1: 13 Seal of Maryland (reverse).svg Maryland The date was February 2, 1781.

See also [ edit ]

  • The admission of California to the Union was a part of the Compromise of 1850, a set of legislative acts passed by Congress.
  • During the years 1854–1861, when Kansas was still considered part of the territory rather than a state, a series of violent conflicts broke out in the territory between anti-slavery and pro-slavery groups.
  • Enabling Act of 1889, allowing citizens of the Dakota (to be split into two states), Montana, and Washington territories to organize state governments and apply for admission to the Union.
  • The Oklahoma Enabling Act granted the people of Oklahoma and the Indian Territory the right to organize a state government and seek admission to the Union as a single state. The New Mexico and Arizona Admission Acts did the same for the people of those territories. calling for a vote on whether or not the two jurisdictions should be united into one state.
  • The Alaska Statehood Act officially made Alaska a state on January 3, 1959.

Notes [ edit ]

  1. ^ This does not take into account the 11 states that broke away from the Union and formed the Confederate States of America during the Civil War: Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Florida, Alabama, Mississippi, Tennessee, Arkansas, Louisiana, and Texas. or the "readmission to representation in Congress" of each state after the war, since the federal government does not officially recognize the states' separation from the Union. Additionally, the Constitution is ambiguous on the issue of whether or not states have the authority to secede from the Union; however, the Supreme Court ruled in Texas v. White (1869) that a state does not have the authority to secede from the Union on its own. [7]
  2. ^ The "Three Lower Counties Upon Delaware" are another name for this area. On June 15, 1776, the Delaware Assembly voted to end the colony's relationship with Great Britain and instead establish the three counties as "the Government of the Counties of New Castle" within a new state. Upon the Delaware River, Kent and Sussex [9]
  3. ^ Between 1749 and 1764, New Hampshire's provincial governor Benning Wentworth issued roughly 135 grants for unoccupied land claimed by New Hampshire west of the Connecticut River (in what is today southern Vermont), territory also claimed by New York. The "New Hampshire Grants" conflict that erupted as a result inspired the founding of the Vermont Republic and gave rise to the infamous Green Mountain Boys. By royal order of George III in 1764, New Hampshire's claim was terminated, and in 1790, New York sold Vermont its claim to the land for $30,000.
  4. ^ On December 18, 1789, the Virginia General Assembly passed a bill approving the secession of the "District of Kentucky" from the rest of Virginia and paving the way for the establishment of the Commonwealth of Kentucky. [17]
  5. ^ To this day, nobody knows for sure when Ohio was admitted to the Union as a state. An act "authorizing the inhabitants of Ohio to form a Constitution and state government, and admission of Ohio into the Union" (Sess) was passed on April 30, 1802 by the 7th Congress. 1, ch 40, 2 Stat. 173) An act "providing for the execution of the laws of the United States in the State of Ohio" (Sess) was passed by the same Congress on February 19, 1803. 2, ch 7, 2 Stat. 201) However, neither statute established an official date of statehood. The 83rd Congress passed a Joint resolution "for admitting the State of Ohio into the Union" (Pub. L. 83-204, 67 Stat. 407, enacted 1953) to officially establish Ohio's statehood date. Wednesday, August 7th, 1953 ) which fixed the date as March 1, 1803 [20]
  6. ^ On July 19, 1819, Mainers voted 17,001 to 7,132 in favor of leaving the rest of Massachusetts to form the "District of Maine," which was established by enabling legislation passed by the Massachusetts General Court on June 19, 1819. passing a follow-up measure recognizing Maine's impending statehood [17]
  7. ^ The Mexican Department of Alta California encompassed the majority of the territory that Mexico ceded to the United States in 1848 after the Bear Flag Revolt and the Mexican-American War. As part of the Compromise of 1850, Congress passed an act making California the 31st state.
  8. ^ In an act passed on May 13, 1862, the General Assembly of the Restored Government of Virginia authorized the formation of West Virginia. The Supreme Court's decision in Virginia v. West Virginia (1871) later implied that the secessionist counties in Virginia had the requisite consents for statehood. [36]
  9. ^ a b North and South Dakota are the only twin-born states in the United States, having been formed simultaneously on the same day. To ensure that no one would ever know which state became the first, President Benjamin Harrison shuffled all of the statehood documents before signing them. Since "n" comes before "s" in the alphabet, North Dakota is traditionally counted as the 39th state and South Dakota as the 40th. [39][40]

References [ edit ]

  1. ^ Edward Erler "Arguments for and Against Citizenship in the Fourteenth Amendment" Heritage: A Nonprofit Dedicated to Preserving America's
  2. ^ The Minnesota State Legislature's "Frequently Asked Questions" Legislative Assembly of Minnesota
  3. ^ Kristin D Burnett Briefs from the 2010 Census on the Reapportionment of Representatives (PDF) U S Economics and Statistics Administration, Department of Commerce
  4. ^ Author: Elhauge, Einer R Article II Electors and Presidential Elections: Essays Initiated by the Heritage Foundation
  5. ^ "The Doctrine of the Treaty of Guaranteed State Reciprocity" Justia com
  6. ^ Merrill Jensen (1959) Analysis of the Social and Constitutional History of the American Revolution under the Articles of Confederation, 1774–1781 A Publication of the University of Wisconsin Press pp  xi, 184 ISBN 978-0-299-00204-6
  7. ^ White v. Texas, 74 U.S. 700 (1868)" Justia com
  8. A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H. John R.Vile (2005) Encyclopedia of the Constitutional Convention of 1787 (Book I, Letters A-M) ABC-CLIO p  658 ISBN 1-85109-669-8
  9. ^ "State of Delaware" Delaware gov Data Repository, Division of State Administration, State of Delaware
  10. ^ A Brief History of Pennsylvania, Vol. 1: From Independence to the Civil War, 1776-1861 PA gov The Historical and Museum Commission of Pennsylvania
  11. ^ "Minutes from the Convention of 1787" NJ gov Department of State of New Jersey
  12. ^ The ninth of January was marked as "Today in History" loc gov Congressional Library
  13. ^ "On This Day in History... July 26" loc gov The Congress Library
  14. ^ The 21st of November in History loc gov Congress Library
  15. ^ It's the "14th State" Exploring Vermont's Past The Vermont Historical Society May 30, 2013 original version available online
  16. ^ "State Historical Park at Constitution Square" americanheritage com Heritage, an Imprint of American Heritage Publishing Retrieved April 23, 2019
  17. ^ a b It is titled, "Official Name and Status History of the Various States and U.S. Territories." TheGreenPapers com
  18. ^ Labeled as: "State Historical Timeline" TN gov Office of the Secretary of State of Tennessee Date of original publication: April 10, 2016
  19. ^ - Blue, Frederick J. That time of year again (Fall of 2002) The Official Birth of Ohio as a State Periodical of the Ohio Academy of History The original version was published on September 11th, 2010.
  20. ^ Dispelling Myths about Ohio's Statehood
  21. ^ "Fast Facts about the State of Louisiana" louisiana gov This version was archived from the original on March 24, 2013. Retrieved June 15, 2016
  22. ^ In the words of the Mississippi Bicentennial Celebration Commission: "Welcome!" Commission for the Bicentennial of Mississippi's Statehood Retrieved 16 February 2017
  23. ^ Historically Speaking, It's December 3rd loc gov National Library of Congress
  24. ^ Alabama Historical Timeline, 1800–1860. alabama gov Retrieved June 15, 2016
  25. ^ The 15th of March in History loc gov The Congress Library
  26. ^ The tenth of August: A Day in History loc gov US Congress Library
  27. ^ The 15th of June in History loc gov The Congress Library
  28. ^ It's January 26th, so here's what happened yesterday in history. loc gov United States Congress Library
  29. ^ "The State of Texas Joins the Union" Yesterday in the Past Antenna & & Elbow (A&E) Television Networks March 4, 2010 Retrieved April 23, 2019
  30. ^ The 29th of May: A Day in History loc gov National Library of Congress
  31. ^ September 9, 1850: The Official Admission of California into the Union CA gov The State of California Parks and Recreation Commission
  32. ^ "On This Day in History: May 11" loc gov The Congress Library
  33. ^ January 29: This Day in History loc gov The United States Congress Library
  34. ^ The 20th of June: A Day in History loc gov Congressional Library
  35. ^ Chapter 12 of "A State of Convenience: The Creation of West Virginia" describes the approval of West Virginia's separation by Virginia's newly reformed government. Wvculture org Division of Culture and History, West Virginia
  36. ^ Referring to the case "Virginia v. West Virginia," 78 U.S. 39 (1870) Justia com
  37. ^ Article entitled "Today in History: August 1"1 loc gov The Congress Library
  38. ^ a b The second of November—today in history loc gov The Congress Library
  39. ^ The authors of the study are James MacPherson and Kevin Burbach, and their paper was published on November 2nd, 2014. "Sibling rivalry persists at 125 years of Dakota statehood" The Bismarck Tribune1. AP Retrieved June 29, 2020
  40. ^ In his 2008 article, Stein, Mark A. Scott Alan, "How the States Got Their Shapes," Smithsonian Books/Harper Collins, 2005, p. 256
  41. ^ David J. Wishart (ed ) "Montana" Great Plains: An Encyclopedia The University of Nebraska at Lincoln Retrieved 15 Février 2017
  42. ^ The 11th of November in History loc gov Congressional Library
  43. ^ Author: Thatcher, Linda The Timeline of the Fight for Statehood historytogo utah gov Utah, U.S.A.
  44. ^ It's November 16th, so here's what happened yesterday in history. loc gov The Congress Library
  45. ^ Paul Rodgers (2011) Basics of U.S. Constitutional Law McFarland p  109 ISBN 978-0-7864-6017-5

Internet resources [ edit ]

  • Title: "Videos of the 50 States of the USA" History com
  • The "Birth of a Nation" 50states com
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